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I've always procrastinated when it comes to thinning those precious sprouted carrot seeds in the garden and greenhouse. Not because I don't love working in the garden and greenhouse; I do! But I feel like I'm wasting those wee little plants that have honored me with their presence after weeks of watering—here at 36-Acre Wood, that's by hand with collected rainwater —and protecting them from things that want to prevent that growth by eating the seeds or seedlings (e.g., field mice and pack rats) or adverse conditions (like very late frosts, extreme early heat, and strong winds). So, I felt a little sad again this year while plucking those tiny carrots or snipping off the greens at soil level when they were just too close for comfort. That's when I decided I wouldn't just toss them in the compost bin as I usually do, which is all well and good. No, this time, I would use them in the kitchen. Here are some ways to use those edible carrot greens and teeny carrot roots from thinning. Ways To Use Carrot Greens in the Kitchen Carrot greens are often overlooked but can be quite versatile and useful in the kitchen. After thinning your carrot bed when those young but crowded plants are about two inches tall and washing to remove any soil or other goodies from the garden, here are some ideas for what you can do with them: Sauté or Stir-Fry This is my favorite way to use carrot greens from thinning: Cook them with garlic and olive oil as you would with spinach or kale for a simple side dish. I like it when they get a little crunchy. Make Pesto Blend carrot greens with garlic, nuts (like almonds or pine nuts), olive oil, Parmesan cheese (optional), and a squeeze of lemon juice for a bright and flavorful pesto. Use as a Garnish Finely chop the greens and use them to top soups, salads, or roasted vegetables for a fresh, herby kick. Add to Salads Treat them like other leafy greens. Mix carrot tops with other salad ingredients for a unique flavor. Carrot-Top Tea Steep the greens in hot water with a little honey for a mild, earthy tea. Add to Soups or Broth Toss the greens into a vegetable broth or soup for added depth and nutrients. Make Chimichurri Blend carrot greens with vinegar, olive oil, garlic, and herbs like parsley for a zesty sauce to drizzle over grilled meats or veggies. Using the Full Bounty of Your Carrot Harvest—Including Carrot Tops from Thinning Thinning carrots may seem like a tedious chore, but it doesn't have to be a wasteful one. By making use of both the tender young roots and their greens, you can add fresh flavors and nutrients to your meals while making the most of your harvest. Next time you thin your carrot bed, think twice before tossing those greens in the compost pile—they might become one of your new favorite ingredients. How do you like to use carrot greens from thinning in your kitchen? Carrot Thinning FAQs 1. Why is thinning carrots necessary? Thinning helps prevent overcrowding, allowing the remaining carrots to grow larger and healthier. Without thinning, carrots may become stunted or misshapen due to lack of space and nutrients. 2. Can you eat carrot greens? Yes! Carrot greens are completely edible and have a slightly earthy, parsley-like flavor. They can be used in pesto, salads, soups, and more. 3. Do carrot greens contain toxins? Carrot greens contain alkaloids, similar to other leafy greens like spinach or kale, but they are safe to eat in normal culinary amounts. Some people with sensitivities to alkaloids or allergies to plants in the carrot family should try a small amount first. 4. What do carrot greens taste like? They have a mildly bitter, herbaceous flavor, similar to parsley or celery leaves. Young carrot greens are more tender and milder in taste. 5. How do you store carrot greens? To keep carrot greens fresh, store them in a damp paper towel inside a plastic bag in the refrigerator. They should stay fresh for up to a week. 6. Can I use carrot greens in place of parsley or cilantro? Yes, carrot greens make a great substitute for parsley in recipes like tabbouleh and chimichurri or as a garnish. They can also be used in place of cilantro for a slightly different but still fresh flavor. 7. Are there any other ways to use carrot thinnings? Besides being used in cooking, carrot greens and young roots can be fed to livestock, used as compost, or even added to homemade natural dyes for fabric or paper. 8. When and how should I thin carrots? Carrots are best thinned when they reach about 2 inches tall. Gently pull out the smallest or most crowded seedlings, leaving about a thumb's width between the remaining plants. For larger carrot varieties, a second thinning may be needed a few weeks later to allow for more space of about 1–2 inches. To avoid disturbing nearby roots, you can also snip the unwanted seedlings at the soil level with scissors instead of pulling them.   Written by Deb Kingsbury Living on a 36-acre off-grid property in northern Arizona, Deb and her husband Jeremy embrace sustainable living through solar power, rainwater harvesting, and a passive solar home built with recycled polystyrene block. A freelance writer and editor, Deb grows food in raised beds and a greenhouse and is an avid hiker and backpacker. A long-time search & rescue volunteer, she has published two novels  and previously homesteaded on the East Coast.

Part of our potable rainwater harvesting system at 36-Acre Wood Disclaimer: I get a commission for purchases made through some of the links in this post. Written by Deb Kingsbury Living on a 36-acre off-grid property in northern Arizona, Deb and her husband Jeremy embrace sustainable living through solar power, rainwater harvesting, and a passive solar home built with recycled polystyrene block. They also cultivate food in raised beds and a greenhouse. Deb, who previously homesteaded on the East Coast, is an avid hiker and backpacker, a long-time search and rescue volunteer, and a freelance editor and writer with two published novels. Here in the high desert of northern Arizona, rain is not as frequent a visitor as it is in other parts of the country, making every drop a precious resource. At our off-grid home, we've set things up to collect the often sporadic rainfall to meet our home's daily and annual water needs. Join me as I walk you through building a potable rainwater harvesting system and how you can replicate and modify it for your own home. Speaking of raindrops and codes, our county has recognized the value and increasing popularity of rainwater harvesting by implementing a dedicated building code. What you'll see here complies with those guidelines, but you'll want to check with your own local building department to see if they have a rainwater harvesting code of their own, especially if you're integrating this type of system in new construction and as your primary (or only) water supply. Calculating Rainwater Collection Potential First things first, decide on how much storage capacity you need based on how much liquid gold you estimate you can collect from the sky where you live. The magic numbers come from the square footage (the area) of the roof serviced by your gutter system and the annual precipitation—rain and snow—that falls on that roof. To simplify this calculation, you can turn to various rainwater harvesting calculators available online, including this one courtesy of WaterCache . For our rainwater collection, we have two main roof areas, on the house and the workshop, with six-inch seamless gutters all around, totaling about 3,000 square feet. Inputting that figure into the rainwater harvesting calculator, it comes up with 1,869 gallons per inch of rain that our downspouts send into three interconnected potable water tanks. That said, we don't often get a full inch of rain from a single storm, so inputting the average annual rainfall for our area unveils the potential liquid bounty we could amass in a year. Where we live, between Williams, Arizona, and the Grand Canyon, the current annual average is 22 inches of rain. Add to that an average of 65 inches of snow, which is equivalent to approximately 6.5 inches of water (thank you, NASA, for the 10-to-1 snow-to-liquid ratio). At a grand total of 28.5 inches of precip per year, with our roof coverage, that's a whopping 52,332 gallons we might collect! However, given the nature of Mother Nature, tempering expectations is crucial. Averages are just that, and we've gotten less than that average—sometimes much less—for the past few years. Yet, armed with our own historical average water usage of 1,500 gallons per month, or 18,000 gallons annually, a figure we got from our less conservation-minded water bills of yesteryears, we know we could comfortably subsist on less than half of that 52,000-gallon figure. If you want to look up the figures for your own area, USClimateData  provides data on average annual rain and snowfall. And on the practical side, measuring rainfall need not be an elaborate affair. A simple, inexpensive rain gauge , like the one we use, is an easy way to compile your own numbers over time. Each time it rains (or snows), we see how much we get, put the number in the rainwater calculator, and record it in our dedicated notebook. A Note on Snow and Water Collection Potential Keep in mind that if the snow just gets blown off your roof, like it often does here, or it doesn't sit up there long enough to melt into your collection system, it basically won't count, right? We recommend putting snow breaks  on your roof, not only to protect your gutters from heavy snow and ice but also to help prevent the snow and ice from sliding off, to instead melt beneath or through the guards and into your collection system. There are different types of snow breaks. We used and installed these commercial snow guards  (pictured below) on our workshop, and our roofer put up breaks similar to this one  on our house. Deciding on Rainwater Storage Capacity How much rainwater tank capacity is too little, and how much is too much? That's tough to answer because, for one thing, you're continuously using the water you collect, drawing down your tank(s). But if you can't collect and store it all when it comes down, you'll obviously lose some of that potential. And, while you don't need enough storage capacity for an entire year's water consumption, neither do you want your tank(s) frequently overflowing—especially if most of the rain happens (or snow melts) during one season or within a few months of the year as it does here during the monsoon. While adding more storage capacity or switching to a larger cistern at a later date is an option, that would cost more and add logistical issues compared to installing all the storage you'll need at once. Based on our historical usage, our collection potential calculations, and some neighbors' experiences with rainwater harvesting, we decided on a system with three 5,000-gallon cisterns plus two 275-gallon cubes. We also added a series of 50-gallon overflow barrels, especially for outdoor use in the garden, cleaning, and more. Our seamless gutters collect rainwater and melting snow from almost every part of the roof, and the same goes for the workshop. Just before the 2022 monsoon season started, we had the gutters installed on our newly constructed house. It rained the next day for the first time in about two months. One month later, all three of our tanks, including the one by the workshop, the cubes, and the overflow barrels, were full. Needless to say, now we wish we had more storage! Equalizing a Multi-Tank Rainwater System When the architect drew up our building plans, including the rainwater harvesting system, he explained the need to equalize our tanks, meaning that once in place, the overflows should all be at the same elevation. So we did a little experiment in our kitchen to prove to ourselves that what he said was true. (Not that we doubted him—he has a similar system.) I don't have a picture of that experiment, but we took three plastic bottles (ours were the same size, but you can do this with different-sized bottles) and connected them near the bottom with snuggly fitted straws. This mimicked how our real tanks would be connected by PVC pipe between their outflows, located inches above the base. We then slowly poured water into one of the bottles and watched how it moved from that bottle, through the straw to the second and into the third, until the water level had equalized among the three. Next, we put a block under one bottle to raise it and repeated the process. The result: the elevated bottle ended up with less water than the other two once the three bottles had equalized. So, in real life, if your tanks are connected, but their overflows are at different elevations, one will overflow before the others fill completely. That's why it's important that the overflows are all at the same elevation if you have multiple tanks, whether they're the same size or dimensions or not. This means you may have to use a transit  or another tool or method to get the tanks as close to level, both on or in the ground and with each other, as possible. This is made all the more tricky if your tanks are spread out at different locations around your home, the ground is sloped (even a little), or both. If you're required by code, as we are, or by necessity to partially bury your tanks, you'll probably need to do so at different depths in order to make them all level at the overflow. Even if the area around your home appears flat, there's often at least some difference that can make a difference to your rainwater harvesting system. And, of course, the more the slope between tanks, the bigger the difference in how much digging you'll need to do. A Note on Burying Water Tanks If you want to completely bury a rainwater cistern, you'll need one specifically designed for that purpose. The polyethylene tanks we have are not designed to be buried. In fact, the manufacturers of these tanks suggest you don't bury them at all—but if you do, do not bury them more than halfway up the straight sides. There are reinforced tanks available that can be buried deeper, so be sure you're getting the right kind of cistern for your situation. Installing Underground Water Pipes Once our three cisterns were partially buried to a minimum depth of 31 inches per county code and equalized, it was time to find a backhoe operator to dig trenches—about 150 feet of them—for the PVC pipe that would connect the tanks and bring the water into the house. We also installed a shut-off valve on each tank's outflow below grade so we'd always be able to isolate any one of them for things like cleaning, repair, water management, and so forth. We placed a vertical access tube around each valve so that, once the tanks were backfilled, the shut-offs would still be... well, accessible to open or close it, just as you would use a water key to shut off a municipal water supply. The PVC pipes pictured here connect three polyethylene tanks, one of the workshop and two others on either end of the house, coming together to then enter the house below grade. We air-tested the system per county code before we backfilled the water pipe trenches. For a non-pressurized system like ours, we tested it to 30 psi, making sure it held the air for at least 15 minutes. It actually held at that level for days. Adding Screens and First Flush Diverters It's not only required by our county code in our case, but it's also a good idea to screen the rainwater as it makes its way from the roof to your tanks. A first flush, also called a roof washer, is a simple device that removes the initial flow of water in a potable rainwater collection system. The first pass of stormwater washes your roof of all the sediment and other "stuff" that's built up since the last time it rained or snowed so that cleaner water goes into your tanks and then into your house. With a first flush, the water heading from the gutter into the downspout first passes through a "leaf eater," which is a screen that catches the bigger things, like leaves or pine needles, bugs, a field mouse dropped by a passing bird (happened to us, anyway), or whatever else might end up on your roof. After passing through the screen, the water drops into the first flush downpipe . As the downpipe fills, a ball inside rises. Once it reaches the top of the vertical pipe, the water then goes into the pipe that continues to your tank. A drip valve at the bottom of the first flush downpipe slowly releases the diverted water (which you can collect for other uses, too). While now required by code in our county and others, not everyone agrees that first flush rainwater diverters are such a good idea, and we know some folks end up removing them down the line. Here's a good article about the pros and cons of first flush systems: To First Flush or Not to First Flush . A Note on Optional Gutter Guards In addition to the leaf eaters, we added these simple gutter guards at the top of our downspouts. Why? Well, for one, we once found that dead mouse I mentioned above in one of our gutters, and we really don't want a mouse carcass going any further into our system. We know the leaf eater would have stopped that mouse, but we decided this inexpensive extra protection wouldn't hurt. It goes without saying, though, if you do have gutter guards or any other screen in your system, it's a good idea to get up there and check them periodically to clean out whatever may have been stopped by the screen so it doesn't dam things up. Filtering and Purifying Rainwater in a Potable System Is it really necessary to filter and purify rainwater, especially if it's already been through a first flush or roof washer system? According to the county where we live, it is, and we agree. After all, we do get bird poop on the roof, and other goodies float around in the air and get mixed up in rain and snow, so may as well not drink it. So, we purchased a 10-gallon-per-minute (GPM) Pulsar Quantum Disinfection System , which requires no electricity, and a BBF Series 2 Whole House Filtration System with a 5-micron pleated filter and carbon block filter from US Water Systems (shown below). When the water enters the house, it's drawn through the pump, located in a sump," a recessed part of the floor below the level of the foundation. We use a Grundfos Scala2 pump . Then, the water goes through the filter and disinfection unit before moving on to an on-demand water heater and the rest of the house. The two-stage water filter is on the left and the Pulsar disinfection on the right. The white paddles are used to remove the filters when the cartridges need replacing. In the photo above, you can see we have (red) shut-off valves before and after the (blue) filter and (black) disinfection units. These shut-offs are required by code and are also necessary to turn the water off when we need to change the cartridges in either unit, which for us is every one or two years. Testing Your Potable Rainwater Supply Whether it's required where you live or not, we think it's a good idea to have your water tested. Our county building code does require a water quality test, so we had one done through a local laboratory to present to the inspector once the whole system was in place. While the code doesn't specify what exactly should be tested for, we requested a bacteria test and another for zinc. Zinc is present in metal roofs, particularly in galvanized metal, which ours is not, but we wanted to show that to the inspector. The water test cost us $25. We passed with an "A" on all counts. Adding and Raising Overflows Once our system was completed and inspected and the tanks started filling, we directed any overflow into a series of smaller barrels and cubes for use in our raised beds, for watering some fruit and nut trees, sharing with the birds and other local wildlife, and so forth. And we've had plenty of overflow water since we added those barrels and cubes. As you can see in the photo below, a pipe from the bulkhead sends any overflow away from the tank (rather than letting the water shoot out or run down the side) and into a 50-gallon rainwater barrel, which itself has an overflow with a pipe to another tank. There's a spigot near the bottom of each barrel, so we can easily use that bonus water from there. The overflow pipe from the cistern is raised a little to allow the tank to fill to the actual 5,000-gallon line and beyond. A Satisfying Part of Sustainable Living: Using a Potable Rainwater Harvesting System In an area where the word "drought" is often part of the local lexicon. it feels good to get the water we need for our home and garden directly from the sky, even during extended dry stretches. It's a fact that the upfront cost of installing a potable rainwater collection system can be significant—with our three large polyethylene cisterns, seamless gutters and first flush diverters, 150+ feet of underground pipe, filtration and disinfection system, and overflows, ours cost about $18,000 in 2021/22—but it's nice to no longer pay for municipal water, which isn't available where we now live, or for hauling or delivery, not to mention eliminate the fuel involved in the latter. And living a more self-sufficient, sustainable lifestyle simply feels good, too. Do you plan to install a potable rainwater harvesting system or already have one? Do you have any questions about rainwater collection? Let us know in the comments below.

Overflows on one of our water tanks Disclosure :  Some of the links on this page are affiliate links, and I may earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. Collecting rainwater is a great way to reduce water bills and live more sustainably. But, as your rainwater tank fills, excess water has to go somewhere—and that's where a well-designed overflow system can make a big difference. With a DIY water tank overflow setup, you can redirect overflow water to other uses, like watering your garden, preventing erosion, or even filling another storage tank (or two or three, etc.). This guide will walk you through various types of water tank overflow setups, the materials you'll need, and how to make each type work efficiently as part of your rainwater harvesting system. Why Set Up a Water Tank Overflow? Having an overflow system isn't just about preventing excess water from spilling onto the ground; it's also about creating a backup solution that makes every drop count. Here’s what a water tank overflow can do: Maximize Water Usage : Redirecting overflow lets you use excess water rather than waste it. Prevent Erosion : Runoff can damage the surrounding area, causing soil erosion and pooling. Support Garden Irrigation : Overflow water can be directed to your garden, supporting plants without extra hose water. Types of DIY Water Tank Overflow Setups Depending on your needs and space, you can create several types of overflow systems. Each type uses different materials, and some work best for gardens, while others are ideal for additional storage. 1. Basic Spillover Overflow The simplest option, a spillover overflow, uses a pipe installed near the top of the water tank. When the tank fills, the water flows through the pipe, which directs it away from the tank base. This design works well for those who want minimal maintenance and a straightforward installation. Materials Needed : PVC pipe (diameter depends on tank size, but we usually use 1-1/2") Rubber gaskets (to ensure a tight seal) PVC elbows and couplings as needed Hacksaw PVC glue (optional) * Silicone sealant (optional) *Most of our overflows are not glued together but have tight fittings instead. We prefer this in case we want to adjust or redirect them in the future. We'd rather risk a small leak (so far, no drips) in our overflow than have to cut the PVC. Setup Instructions : Install the Pipe : Measure and cut a PVC pipe to fit the tank's overflow port. Secure it with rubber gaskets to prevent leaks. Direct the Pipe : Angle the pipe slightly downward and away from the tank base to guide water away from the area. Seal the Connection (Optional) : Use PVC glue and silicone sealant around the gasket to ensure a waterproof bond. It's a good idea to place a large bowl (for the pups, perhaps) beneath the overflow pipe so the water doesn't create a hole in the ground. Secondary storage tank for overflow 2. Secondary Rainwater Storage Overflow For those who want to capture even more rainwater, a secondary storage overflow system allows excess water to fill another tank. This setup requires more space but provides additional water storage for dry spells. Materials Needed : PVC pipe and fittings Second water tank Hose connectors Waterproof sealant Hacksaw Setup Instructions : Install Overflow Pipe on Primary Tank : Connect a PVC pipe from the overflow outlet of your main tank to the inlet of a second tank. This ensures that when the first tank is full, water will automatically flow into the second. Connect the Tanks : Use hose connectors to link both tanks securely. Seal All Connections (Optional) : Apply waterproof sealant to all connectors to ensure no leaks occur between the tanks. 3. Garden Irrigation Overflow With a garden irrigation overflow system, you can set up a natural irrigation solution. This overflow directs water from your tank to garden beds or plants, making it perfect for anyone creating a self-sustaining watering system. Materials Needed : Garden hose or soaker hose Drip irrigation connectors Hose adapter for PVC pipe PVC fittings Stakes for hose support Setup Instructions : Attach Garden Hose to Overflow Pipe : Connect a garden or soaker hose to the overflow port using an adapter. Direct the Hose : Place the hose in your garden, using stakes to secure it near plants or garden beds. Install Drip Connectors : If using a drip irrigation line, install connectors at regular intervals to distribute water evenly. This setup allows overflow water to trickle directly into the soil, providing gentle and consistent watering whenever your tank overflows. 4. French Drain Rainwater Collection Overflow For larger systems or those with significant overflow volumes, a French drain setup is ideal. This system disperses overflow into the ground, preventing pooling and soil erosion. Materials Needed : Perforated PVC or corrugated drain pipe Gravel Landscaping fabric Shovel Drainage rocks Setup Instructions : Dig a Trench : Dig a trench starting from the base of the tank and extending away, about 12 inches deep. Lay Down Landscaping Fabric : This prevents soil from clogging the perforated pipe. Install Perforated Pipe : Place the pipe in the trench, connecting it to the overflow outlet on the tank. Fill with Gravel and Drainage Rocks : Fill the trench around the pipe with gravel, then cover with rocks for additional filtration and support. The water will disperse safely underground, which is great for large yards or areas with substantial rainfall. Rainwater barrels in-line for water overflow collection Tips for Optimizing Your Overflow Setup Once you've chosen the right overflow type for your needs, here are a few tips to make sure it works as smoothly and efficiently as possible. Check for Clogs : Periodically inspect pipes and hoses to ensure no debris is blocking water flow. Angle Pipes Downward : A slight downward angle helps water flow away without backlogging. Test Before Heavy Rainfall : Run water through the overflow system to confirm it’s working properly. Add Mesh Covers : Place a mesh cover over the overflow outlet to prevent leaves and other debris or even small critters and bugs from entering the pipes. Other Recommended Products To make setting up your DIY water tank overflow easier, here are a few recommended products: RainHarvesting Tank Overflow Kit : Flanged elbow with rubber gasket, screen and adapter Gutter Diverter for Rain Barrel : Suitable for connecting two water tanks or barrels Rainbarrel Hose Connector Kit : Another option to connect two tanks or barrels Rain Barrel Bulkhead Fitting Kit with Plugs and Hole Saw Tool : Universal for most rain barrels and water tanks Practical Uses for Overflow Water Having an overflow system lets you make the most of excess water, and there are many ways you can put it to use beyond storage: Garden Irrigation : The most common use, especially with a soaker or drip hose setup. Fill Ponds or Water Features : Overflow water can go to ornamental ponds or fountains, keeping them full. Provide Water for Pets or Wildlife : Overflow water can provide a water source for birds, bees, and other critters or pets. Reduce Foundation Stress : By guiding water away from your home, you reduce the risk of water pooling around foundations. Rainwater Collection & Water Tank Overflow: Final Thoughts Setting up a DIY overflow for your rainwater tank is a pretty straightforward project. Whether adding a spillover pipe or connecting a secondary tank, each approach helps maximize your harvested water while protecting your property from excess water damage. By using the overflow water for productive purposes, you can make your rainwater harvesting system even more eco-friendly and efficient. With these materials, setups, and tips, you'll be ready to create an overflow solution that not only makes the most of your rainwater but also aligns with sustainable living practices. FAQs: DIY Water Tank Overflow Systems 1. What is a water tank overflow, and why do I need one? A water tank overflow prevents excess water from spilling and causing erosion by redirecting it. It’s essential for maximizing water use and protecting your property. 2. Can I use overflow water for garden irrigation? Yes, overflow water can be directed to garden beds using a soaker or drip hose, providing a natural irrigation system for your plants. 3. What materials do I need to create a basic overflow setup? Common materials include PVC pipes, rubber gaskets, sealant, and possibly hoses for garden overflow. Check my materials list for more details. 4. Is it possible to add a second tank for overflow storage? Absolutely! You can link a second (and third, etc.) tank or barrel to your primary tank’s overflow, giving you extra storage capacity during rainy periods. 5. How do I prevent clogs in my overflow system? Install a mesh screen or filter over the overflow outlet to keep leaves and debris from entering the pipes, and inspect periodically for blockages. 6. What type of overflow system is best for garden irrigation? A garden irrigation overflow setup with a soaker hose or drip line is ideal, providing gentle, controlled water release directly into your garden beds. 7. Can I install a water tank overflow myself? Yes, with basic tools and materials, most overflow systems are DIY-friendly. Just follow the setup instructions, and you’ll be good to go!

Pros, Cons, and New Technology Our solar power battery bank Written by Deb Kingsbury Living on a 36-acre off-grid property in northern Arizona, Deb and her husband Jeremy embrace sustainable living through solar power, rainwater harvesting, and a passive solar home built with recycled polystyrene block. A freelance writer and editor, Deb grows food in raised beds and a greenhouse and is an avid hiker and backpacker. A long-time search & rescue volunteer, she has published two novels and previously homesteaded on the East Coast. If you’re considering setting up an off-grid solar power system, the battery bank is one of the most important components. Batteries allow you to store excess energy generated during sunny periods and use it when the sun isn’t shining. But choosing the right type of battery for your system can be confusing. There are several different kinds of batteries available, each with its advantages and disadvantages, maintenance requirements, and depth of discharge (how low you can take the charge without damaging the battery). In addition to currently available options, new battery technologies are being developed to improve the performance and affordability of off-grid solar power. Let’s look at the most common types of batteries used for off-grid solar power, the pros and cons of each, and some cutting-edge technologies that might change the game in the near future. 1. Lead-Acid Batteries This is what we're currently using at 36-Acre Wood. Lead-acid batteries have been around for over a century and are the most commonly used type of battery in off-grid solar power systems, particularly deep-cycle batteries designed for renewable energy applications. There are two main types: flooded lead-acid (FLA) and sealed lead-acid (SLA) batteries, including absorbent glass mat (AGM) and gel types. However, while maintenance-free and resistant to spillage, gel batteries are not ideal for solar power use due to their sensitivity to temperature fluctuations and slower charging rates, which can affect performance and longevity in varying climates. When comparing FLA and SLA batteries for solar applications, FLA batteries typically come at a lower upfront cost and have a longer lifespan if properly maintained, but they require regular maintenance and ventilation. SLA batteries, on the other hand, are more maintenance-free, less prone to spillage, and easier to install, making them a convenient choice for many users, though generally at a higher cost and slightly shorter lifespan. Pros Cost-effective : Lead-acid batteries are among the cheapest options available, making them an attractive choice for budget-conscious solar users. Proven reliability : With decades of use in various industries, they're well-understood and reliable. Readily available : Widely accessible and easy to source for solar applications. Cons Weight and size : Lead-acid batteries are heavy and bulky, which can be a downside for smaller or mobile systems. Limited depth of discharge (DoD) : These batteries should generally only be discharged to about 50% to maintain their lifespan, meaning you need a larger battery bank to cover your energy needs. Maintenance : Flooded lead-acid batteries require regular maintenance, including adding distilled water to the cells, while sealed versions are maintenance-free. Shorter lifespan : Lead-acid batteries have a shorter lifespan than newer technologies, typically lasting around 5-7 years with proper care. (Note: Over time, lead-acid batteries lose capacity and efficiency, often dropping to about 50-80% of their original capacity after the initial lifespan. Proper maintenance, such as regular equalization charges and keeping them at an optimal temperature, can help extend their useful life.) Maintenance Flooded lead-acid batteries require regular watering and periodic equalization (we do this monthly) to prevent sulfation. Sealed batteries, like AGM and Gel, are maintenance-free. Best For Cost-conscious off-grid users who don’t mind routine maintenance and can accommodate larger battery banks. 2. Lithium-Ion Batteries Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have gained popularity, especially for off-grid solar applications. They offer better performance and longer life than lead-acid batteries but come at a higher upfront cost. Pros High depth of discharge (DoD) : Lithium-ion batteries can typically be discharged to around 80-90% without significantly reducing their lifespan, so you need fewer batteries to store the same amount of energy. Long lifespan : These batteries last much longer, often up to 15 years, making them more cost-effective in the long run. Low maintenance : Unlike lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries require no ongoing maintenance. Lightweight and compact : These batteries are lighter and more compact than lead-acid options, making them ideal for homes with limited space. Cons High upfront cost : Lithium-ion batteries are more expensive to purchase initially, though this cost is offset over time due to their longer lifespan. Temperature sensitivity : They can be sensitive to extreme temperatures, requiring careful placement or additional temperature control for optimal performance. Safety concerns : Though rare, lithium-ion batteries can catch fire if damaged or improperly charged, though modern systems include safety mechanisms to prevent this. Maintenance Virtually maintenance-free, but they may require monitoring to ensure they are operating within safe temperature ranges. Best For Users with higher energy demands who want a long-lasting, maintenance-free system and can afford the higher upfront costs. 3. Nickel-Iron (NiFe) Batteries Nickel-iron batteries, or Edison batteries, are highly durable and known for their long lifespan. While not as commonly used in off-grid solar systems, they are becoming a more attractive option due to their ability to withstand harsh conditions. Pros Extremely long lifespan : NiFe batteries can last over 20 years with proper maintenance, making them one of the most durable battery types available. High tolerance for abuse : These batteries can handle overcharging, deep discharges, and extreme temperatures much better than other batteries. Environmentally friendly : Nickel-iron batteries are made from more sustainable and less toxic materials than lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries. Cons Lower efficiency : Nickel-iron batteries have lower energy efficiency, meaning they waste more energy during charging and discharging. High maintenance : These batteries require regular maintenance, including adding distilled water and occasionally balancing the electrolyte levels. High initial cost : While they have a long lifespan, the initial cost is high, which might deter some users. Maintenance Routine watering and electrolyte balancing are necessary for the long-term health of nickel-iron batteries. Best For Off-grid users in remote or harsh environments who value durability and longevity over efficiency. 4. Saltwater Batteries Saltwater batteries are one of the newest options for off-grid solar systems. Unlike traditional batteries, which use toxic materials like lead or lithium, saltwater batteries rely on non-toxic saline solutions, making them more environmentally friendly. Pros Non-toxic and environmentally friendly : Since they use salt water as the electrolyte, these batteries are fully recyclable and have a minimal environmental impact. Low maintenance : These batteries require little to no maintenance over their lifetime. Good depth of discharge (DoD) : Saltwater batteries can be discharged to around 80% without significant degradation. Cons Lower energy density : Saltwater batteries have lower energy storage capacity, meaning you’ll need a larger battery bank to store the same amount of energy as a lithium-ion or lead-acid system. Not widely available : As they are still a relatively new technology, saltwater batteries can be harder to find and may be more expensive than traditional options. Maintenance Minimal maintenance is required, making them a low-hassle option for solar users. Best For Eco-conscious users looking for a sustainable and low-maintenance solution with space for larger battery banks. Batteries in Development for Off-Grid Solar Power As the renewable energy sector grows, so does research into better battery technologies for off-grid solar power. Here are a few promising battery types currently being researched: 1. Solid-State Batteries Solid-state batteries are similar to lithium-ion but use a solid electrolyte instead of a liquid one. This could result in safer, longer-lasting batteries with higher energy density. Pros : Higher energy density means more energy storage in a smaller size. Improved safety due to the elimination of flammable liquid electrolytes. Longer lifespan than traditional lithium-ion batteries. Cons : Currently, it's very expensive to produce. Still in the research and development phase for home solar use. 2. Sodium-Ion Batteries Sodium-ion batteries use sodium instead of lithium, making them a more abundant and potentially cheaper alternative. Pros : Sodium is much more abundant than lithium, potentially lowering costs. Less harmful to the environment compared to lithium extraction. Cons : Lower energy density compared to lithium-ion, meaning larger batteries will be needed. Still in development for widespread commercial use in off-grid solar systems. 3. Flow Batteries Flow batteries store energy in external tanks, allowing for greater scalability. Pros : Can scale easily by increasing the size of the electrolyte tanks. Long lifespan and less degradation over time compared to traditional batteries. Cons : Bulky, making them less suitable for homes with limited space. Expensive and primarily used in large-scale commercial applications at this stage. Choosing the Best Battery for Your Off-Grid Solar Power System When it comes to choosing the right battery for your off-grid solar power system, each option comes with its own unique set of advantages and drawbacks. Lead-acid batteries are a cost-effective, time-tested choice, but they require regular maintenance and have a shorter lifespan. Lithium-ion batteries offer a longer lifespan and better performance but come with a higher price tag. Meanwhile, emerging technologies like saltwater, solid-state, and sodium-ion batteries promise to improve efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and lower costs in the future. Whichever battery you choose, it’s crucial to consider factors like depth of discharge, lifespan, maintenance requirements, and cost when planning your off-grid solar system. As battery technology evolves, off-grid living will only become more accessible and sustainable. Off-Grid Solar Battery FAQs 1. What are the best batteries for off-grid solar power? The best batteries for off-grid solar power depend on your specific needs. Lithium-ion batteries are popular for their long lifespan and efficiency, while lead-acid batteries are more affordable but require more maintenance. Nickel-iron batteries offer extreme durability, and emerging options like saltwater batteries are eco-friendly alternatives. Consider factors like cost, maintenance, and depth of discharge when selecting the best battery for your system. 2. What’s the difference between lithium-ion and lead-acid batteries for solar power? Lithium-ion batteries are more efficient, have a higher depth of discharge (80-90%), and last longer (10-15 years) than lead-acid batteries, which typically have a depth of discharge of 50% and a shorter lifespan of 3-5 years. Lead-acid batteries, however, are more affordable upfront, making them a cost-effective option for those on a budget but with more space and maintenance capacity. 3. How do I compare different batteries for off-grid solar systems? When comparing batteries for off-grid solar systems, consider factors like lifespan, depth of discharge (DoD), maintenance requirements, cost, and energy efficiency. Lead-acid batteries are cheaper but require more maintenance and have lower DoD. Lithium-ion batteries are efficient and require no maintenance but are more expensive upfront. Nickel-iron batteries last longer but are less energy-efficient. Think about your energy usage and maintenance preferences when making your decision. 4. Is there any new battery technology for off-grid solar power? Yes, new battery technologies like solid-state, sodium-ion, and flow batteries are being developed for off-grid solar power. Solid-state batteries promise greater energy density and safety, while sodium-ion batteries offer a cost-effective alternative to lithium-ion. Flow batteries provide scalability for larger systems, though they are not yet widely available for residential use. These technologies are still in development but may offer improved performance in the future. 5. Which off-grid solar battery needs the least maintenance? Lithium-ion batteries and saltwater batteries require the least maintenance compared to lead-acid and nickel-iron batteries. Lithium-ion batteries are virtually maintenance-free, while saltwater batteries, although a newer technology, are also low-maintenance. Lead-acid batteries, particularly flooded ones, require regular watering and equalization, making them higher maintenance. 6. How do battery depth of discharge (DoD) levels affect off-grid solar power systems? Depth of discharge (DoD) refers to how much of the battery’s capacity can be used before it needs to be recharged. Batteries with a higher DoD, like lithium-ion (80-90%), allow you to use more of their capacity before recharging. Lead-acid batteries generally have a lower DoD of around 50%, meaning you’ll need a larger battery bank to meet the same energy needs. Choosing a battery with a higher DoD can reduce the overall size of the battery bank required for your off-grid system. Learn More About Off-Grid Batteries for Solar Power Plants To dive deeper into the different types of batteries for off-grid solar power, you can explore a few reputable sources. These sources can give you a more comprehensive understanding of both the current state of off-grid solar battery technology and emerging developments.: 1. Clean Energy Reviews Website : Clean Energy Reviews Description : This site reviews solar and battery technologies, including comparisons of different battery types, performance metrics, and advice for off-grid users. 2. EnergySage Website : EnergySage Description : A marketplace for solar energy solutions, EnergySage also features an extensive library of resources and guides on batteries for solar power, including comparisons of lithium-ion, lead-acid, and other battery technologies. 3. Battery University Website : Battery University Description : An educational website offering in-depth tutorials and articles on battery technologies. This site is great for understanding the science behind batteries and comparing different types based on performance, lifecycle, and maintenance. 4. Solar Power World Website : Solar Power World Description : This publication focuses on the solar industry, offering technical articles, updates on new battery technologies, and case studies on solar installations for off-grid and grid-tied systems. 5. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Website : NREL Description : NREL is a government-backed organization that conducts research in renewable energy, including batteries for solar power storage. It’s a valuable resource for detailed studies and innovations in solar energy and battery technology. 6. GreenTech Media (GTM) Website : GreenTech Media Description : GTM focuses on renewable energy innovations, including the latest in battery storage technologies. They provide news, analysis, and in-depth reports on trends in solar and battery systems. 7. PV Magazine Website : PV Magazine Description : PV Magazine covers news and developments in the solar power industry. It includes detailed articles on the latest battery technologies and their applications in off-grid solar systems. 8. IEEE Xplore Digital Library Website : IEEE Xplore Description : For more academic and technical papers on battery research, the IEEE Xplore Digital Library is a vast resource. It covers the latest advancements in battery technologies, including solid-state and flow batteries.

Disclosure :  Some of the links on this page are affiliate links, and I may earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. Living sustainably often means making thoughtful choices about what we bring into our homes. When you and your partner have differing approaches to belongings — one who’s more of a minimalist (raising my hand) and the other with packrat tendencies (that would be my spousal unit, Jeremy) — maintaining harmony can be challenging. But with communication, compromise, and creativity, it's entirely possible to thrive in sustainable-living style. Here are some strategies to keep the peace between the minimalist vs. the packrat. Understanding Each Other's Perspectives To make your different tendencies work, start by trying to understand each other's viewpoints (easier said than done, I know all too well). As more of a minimalist like me, you appreciate clear spaces that reduce stress and maximize efficiency. Easier to clean, too. On the other hand, your mate's packrat tendencies may be driven by practicality and the belief that items might be useful ... sometime in the future ... eventually ... maybe. Both perspectives have valid points, especially in a sustainable living context where reducing waste and reusing items are key principles. Finding Common Ground Identify common goals. Both minimalism and saving items for future use can align with sustainability. Together, you can focus on reducing new purchases, recycling, and upcycling. You both want to minimize waste and maximize what you have. Use these shared values as a foundation for your compromise. Creating Functional Spaces Designate specific areas in your home for different needs. For example: Minimalist Zones : Set aside areas that remain clutter-free, such as the living room and bedroom, to maintain a more peaceful environment. Storage Areas : Create organized storage spaces where your partner can keep items they believe might be useful. This could be a designated closet, garage space, or shed. Implementing a Rotation System Consider a rotation system for stored items. Every few months, go through stored items together. If an item hasn't been used in the past year, discuss its usefulness. This system allows your partner to keep items without overwhelming your living spaces and gives you, the more minimalist one, a chance to re-evaluate the necessity of certain belongings. Regular Decluttering Sessions Think of it as a date, put on some tunes, and enjoy! (Just an idea.) Schedule regular decluttering sessions, including a sustainable spring cleaning , where you both decide what to keep, donate, or recycle. Approach this as a team, with open communication and mutual respect. Highlight the importance of each item and its potential future use versus the immediate need for space. Embracing Sustainable Storage Solutions Invest in sustainable storage solutions that align with both your needs. Use eco-friendly storage boxes , recycled materials , and repurposed furniture to keep items organized. This way, the storage itself reflects your commitment to sustainability. Mindful Acquisitions Agree on a rule for new acquisitions. Before bringing anything new into your home, discuss its necessity and potential impact on your living space and lifestyle. This ensures that both of you are mindful of your purchases and their long-term value. Personal Reflection and Growth Recognize that both minimalism and the tendency to hold onto items are personal habits that can be adapted. As you live and grow together, be open to evolving your approaches. Encourage each other to find a balance that works for your relationship and sustainable lifestyle. Minimalist vs. Packrat: Finding Harmony and Balance in Sustainable Living Living with different tendencies toward belongings doesn't have to be a source of conflict. With mutual understanding, designated spaces, regular decluttering, and mindful acquisitions, you can find a harmonious balance. Embrace the strengths of both minimalism and resourcefulness to create a home that reflects your shared commitment to sustainable living. Are you more of a minimalist than your partner or vice versa? How do you make it work?

Disclosure :  Some of the links on this page are affiliate links, and I may earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. Tips For Frugal Living Yes, I know, there are a gazillion web pages about how to save money ... and here's one more. Budgeting and saving have always been important to me, and I was taught to do so from an early age. I remember sitting at the kitchen table with my parents from the time I was in my single digits, listening to and watching them review the family budget. When I eventually started adulting, that experience—and work and some good luck—led me to a comfortable though fairly frugal lifestyle, which is now happily off-grid, too. To me, keeping a budget  is a big part of the equation. Looking at ways to cut down on expenses is also really important to this more sustainable way of living, so I thought I'd put together my own list of suggestions. A Favorite Frugal Quote: Use it up. Wear it out. Make it do. Or do without. This saying was used frequently during the Great Depression. Money-Saving Ideas From pinching pennies to potentially saving thousands Here are a bunch of suggestions to consider in the "spend less" category. Many (or even most) of them may fall into the "duh!" and "that's old news" categories, but it doesn't hurt to review once in a while to see where you (or, speaking for myself, I) can do more. So, in no particular order, here's my brainstorming session of ways to save money, ranging from big changes to very, very small tweaks and some with links to more information: Shopping: Groceries & More We've all heard this one: Buy in bulk (as long as you know you'll use it all). That doesn't mean you have to go to a Sam's Club or Costco—even at your regular grocery store, both edible and non-edible goods are often cheaper per unit when buying larger packages. This might include toilet paper, dry goods like rice, beans and pasta, garbage bags, etc. A good sale can be a good time to buy in bulk. That said, check those per-unit amounts to ensure you get the most product for your money. Here's an article from US News about the best items to buy in bulk . Another "we've heard this a million times" suggestion: Eat in more and out less. Obviously, eating out less often can save a LOT. If you go out twice a week, maybe cut down to once. If once a week, try for every other week. (To me, it's more of an event or treat when we do it less often.) When you eat out, consider places where you can order and pick up at the counter. This can save on tips. ( I know, I know : We're pressured a/k/a prompted to tip even at the counter these days, but it's up to you if you want to.) If going to places (i.e., food vendors) that charge a fee for using a credit card, take enough cash instead. An extra quarter here, 50 cents there, can add up. Sometimes, there's a percentage fee for using a credit card (I've seen as much as 3%). Bring a bag lunch to work. I know it's tough, but don't go out to eat or order in. Go for a walk during lunch if you need to get out for a bit. Take advantage of happy hours and two-for-one deals. At one local shop, we can get two smoothies for the price of one between 4 and 6 pm. (Better yet, we save even more when we make them at home in our blender.) Shop with a list and make lists by recipe. Don't impulse buy. (This applies to things other than groceries, too.) Plan meals around what's on sale at your local grocery store and farmers market. On a related note: shop what's in season. Cut down on processed foods and cook from scratch (which is healthier anyway). A crock pot or Instapot (<--we use ours almost daily for various types of cooking) is a great way to cook with little effort. And the leftovers can last for a few days. Avoid pre-cut or pre-packaged foods like pre-chopped vegetables or individually wrapped snacks; they are often more expensive than buying whole. Buy store or no-name brands (unless the name brand is less with a coupon or store special). Use store-specific apps (i.e., we use Safeway) to add deals and coupons to use with your loyalty card number and earn rewards you can redeem for cash savings. Use cash-back apps like Ibotta , Rakuten , and Honey to earn money back on both in-store and online purchases. Cut out soda pop. Even diet soda. It's just not good for you (I actually lost weight when I cut out diet or calorie-free sodas). Maybe have it as a treat once a month if you really miss the bubbly stuff. Make coffee at home. Those stops at the coffee shop or drive-through coffee places can add up fast. Shop at second-hand stores for more than just clothing. Sometimes, the stuff is new. Forego the expensive shampoos and conditioners. Personally, I find the cheaper stuff is fine for my sensitive, curly hair. (These days, I use zero-waste solid hair care products with paper or cardboard packaging to avoid plastic. Given how long they last, I save money over bottled products.) Don’t buy bottled water. Filter from your sink (if necessary). Pass up a really good deal if you don't need it. Just because something is selling at half-price or a buy-two-get-one-free deal, consider whether it's something you need or really want. Swap/barter on Craigslist.org, for example. (Look for your state and city, and then the bartering section. There's also a free section, and you can post what you're looking for, not just what you have.) Check out Freecycle.org for free stuff in your area. Instead of buying gifts, consider making or doing things for people. This might include cleaning their home or car, doing some yard work, or a helping with a home improvement project. You might cook them a nice meal or bake them some goodies. You can give homemade gift coupons for things you'll do for someone rather than buy stuff. The ideas are endless. Energy, Gasoline, & Water Savings It may be a no-brainer, but it's easy to forget: Turn off the lights when you leave the room. Turn off strip switches when electronics aren't in use. Turn off the smart TV, the cable or satellite TV box, and Blu-ray players, for example. While we're now completely off-grid, running on solar power, we notice a significant difference in our battery charge each morning when we turn off strip switches at night before going to bed. Unplug battery chargers and electronics that operate by remote when not in use because they still draw power when they're off. You can also buy a device that will do this for you and that you can control remotely, such as a Smart Plug Energy Saving Power Strip , which will stop drawing electricity when the gadgets are off and pay for itself within a few months. Shut down the computer when it's not in use. Use compact fluorescent or, better yet, LED bulbs . Turn down the thermostat a few degrees and wear fleece, down booties, etc. Put an extra blanket on the bed. Maybe try fleece or flannel sheets. According to the Alliance To Save Energy, for every degree you lower your thermostat, you can subtract 5% from your energy bill. I read that a programmable thermostat will save more than twice its price in a year as it adjusts the temperature for you when you're away or asleep. Use a clothesline in nice weather instead of the dryer. Pull shades and close blinds at night to help keep in the heat in winter, or vice versa, to keep the sun out and the house cooler during the summer. Even better, if you're building a new home, go passive solar! Seal any air leaks in your home with caulking or weather stripping to keep warm air in during winter and cool air in during summer. Consider turning down your water heater. 120 degrees Fahrenheit is plenty hot. Wash your laundry in cold water instead of hot and reduce the energy use by 50%. Set your dryer to the moisture sensor instead of the timer. This can decrease your energy use by 15%. Insulate your water heater by wrapping it in an insulating blanket . You can save as much as 10% per year on your energy bill. Use low-flow shower heads . Take shorter showers. (I know, this is a tough one.) Or maybe turn the water off while shampooing or soaping up. Test your toilet for leaks by putting a drop of food coloring in the tank. If the color appears in the bowl, your tank is leaking, which could mean you're wasting as much as 200 gallons of water each day. Wash dishes only when the dishwasher is full. Or wash in the sink and use a drying rack. (We use dishwashing time as good conversation time, or we sing!) Use xeriscaping to save water, maintenance, and time. Read more about xeriscaping on WikiHow. Use a drip system to water outdoor plants instead of a hose or sprinkler. Water early in the day or evening to avoid excessive evaporation. Install a timing system if necessary. Consider using rainwater collection and/or graywater if you can. Gasoline & Transportation Savings When and where you can, bike or walk instead of drive. It's good for you, too! Drive the speed limit. Speeding wastes gas. It's a fact. Accelerate evenly; don't take off like a bat outa Hades. Also saves gas, I hear. Make sure your tires are properly inflated. This too makes for more efficient gas consumption. Avoid idling your car for extended periods; turn it off if you'll be stopped for over a minute. Regularly maintain your vehicle, including oil changes and air filter replacements, to ensure it runs efficiently and uses less fuel. Compare gas prices in your area. There are websites where you can check, including GasBuddy.com. And if you're in the market to change vehicles, at least buy slightly or gently used. I highly recommend hybrids (our Prius averages 55 miles per gallon) if you're not ready to go all-EV. Plan your errands for the shortest, most direct route. Don't backtrack from one place to another. Yet another gas saver. Carpool for work or play. Save on Services Do your own oil changes. Clean and detail your vehicle yourself. What a concept! Cut out cable or satellite TV. (I know, for some folks, this is impossible.) Or at least consider dropping premium channels and movie channel packages. Bundle services (i.e., cellphone, internet, streaming). Some companies give you a bulk discount. Sign up for cell phone family plans. Compare family plans by various cell companies at MyRatePlan.com . Swap pet-sitting with your friends or friends of friends. Take off your shoes and save on (or avoid) carpet cleaning. Negotiate with your service providers (internet, cable, phone) for a lower rate. If they know you're considering leaving, they may offer a discount. Just be really friendly when you do it. You know, the catching more flies with honey concept. Recreation, Travel & Entertainment Look for free festivals, free days at local museums, and free tours. I find out about these in our local paper online, on fliers around town, and our city's website. National parks have free days , too. Take up hiking and walking. It's a fun pastime that's good for you and pretty much free. Cross-country ski and snowshoe instead of paying to downhill ski or snowboard. (I know, some folks would say that's blasphemy.) Use the public library instead of buying books and magazines. You can usually check out movies from the library, too. Some libraries have a sales area where books and magazines cost less than a dollar. If you go to the movie theater these days, go to the less expensive matinees. But don't buy those uber-expensive munchies! (Sneak in your own if you need a snack.) Swap books, CDs, DVDs, and games with friends. That means fresh stuff for everyone without having to buy anything. When traveling, try to do so in the off-season, and also look into bundling your airfare with a rental car and/or lodging. This can save hundreds of dollars compared to purchasing these services separately. Stay at campgrounds instead of hotels. (To me, it's more fun anyway.) Looking for free campgrounds and RV parks? Check out FreeCamping.net . If traveling internationally, make sure you use a credit card that doesn't charge a foreign transaction fee OR an annual fee. If you don't have one that fits the bill, get a new card that does, particularly one that also offers rewards points (cash back is my pick). Capital One Quicksilver is a card that offers cash back plus no foreign transaction fees and no annual fee. More Ways to Save More Of Your Hard-Earned Money ....in your bank account, your wallet, and maybe even your mattress Household & Personal Care 68. Use washable rags instead of paper towels. You can make rags out of old clothes instead of throwing them away. 69. Use cloth napkins instead of disposable paper napkins. 70. Sew and patch clothing. Sometimes you might want to downgrade a piece to pajama status or work clothes (the kind of work where you get dirty), but might as well make the stuff last. 71. Wash clothing inside-out to make it wear longer. (This one comes from my husband, who swears it makes a difference.) 72. Reuse gift bags and decorative tissue paper from gifts you receive. 73. Have your teeth cleaned at a college or university with a dental program. Sometimes, this is free. 74. Get your hair cut at a beauty school. Sometimes, this is also free. 75. Cut your own hair or learn basic skills like trimming bangs or beards to save on salon or barber visits. 76. Cut out (or at least cut down on) lotions and perfumes and any other unnecessary toiletries. (Do most of those pricey skincare products do anything other than smell nice? 77. Have a friend who wears the same size clothing and/or shoes? Maybe do a clothing exchange occasionally instead of buying new stuff. 78. Use mail-order prescription programs. I've found I can get a three-month supply for a single month's copay. CVS has this program. So does AARP, to name just a couple. 79. Request generic medications instead of name brands. If you don't ask for it, sometimes you don't get it. Make sure your doctor indicates that the generic substitute is okay on the prescription. 80. Make your own cleaning supplies with simple ingredients like vinegar, baking soda, and lemon juice. Financial Management & Bills 81. Pay bills online to save postage, not to mention avoid late fees. Often, companies offer discounts when you sign up for auto-pay for recurring bills, like cell service, internet, TV providers, etc. We get a monthly $10 per line discount from our cell provider for being on auto-pay. 82. Sign up for paperless bill statements. Some companies give you a small discount each month for doing so. 83. Pay off credit cards at the end of each month, but get the cash back rewards. (We make several hundred dollars a year this way, and we use our cards only for things we'd buy anyway, such as gas and groceries.) 84. If you carry a balance on your credit cards, call your credit card company and request a lower rate. If you don't get what you ask for, shop around for a different card. 85. Keep your checking account balanced so you know how much you've got in there and won't bounce checks. Those fees are expensive! 86. Avoid using out-of-network ATMs. Plan ahead to avoid the fees. 87. Make sure you leave enough in your bank account to avoid possible fees for falling below an average monthly balance. If necessary, put that amount in the account, but don't record it in the register to pretend it isn't there. Or, rather, use no-minimum-balance, no-fee accounts. Check with your bank to see what type of account or combination of accounts and the required minimum balance you must maintain to avoid fees. 88. Set up automatic transfers to your savings account to build up an emergency fund without thinking about it. 89. Consolidate your debts. Here's some information on WikiHow: How to Choose a Debt Management Program . 90. Consider raising your auto insurance deductible to save on premiums. Think about how much your car is worth versus how much coverage you have. You don't have to carry full coverage if your car is paid off. 91. Consolidate your auto and homeowners or renter's insurance with the same company, which usually means a good discount. And if your insurance company notifies you they'll be raising your rates, shop around. And let them know you're shopping around because that can stop the increase. It's happened to us. We saved quite a bit by going through an independent insurance agent rather than going directly to an insurance company. 92. Pay auto insurance (usually six months' worth) in one lump sum if possible. Don't pay the fees usually associated with spread-out monthly payments. 93. Pay a little more on your mortgage each month and potentially save thousands over the life of the loan. Your lender can calculate this if you consider making that monthly extra a consistent amount. And/or make one extra payment per year. 94. Use online comparison tools to shop for the best interest rates on savings accounts or loans. 95. Keep a budget! If you have to record your expenses, you're probably less likely to spend unnecessarily and to keep track of where you can save.   Health & Fitness 96. Try to get more fit if you can and need to. This will not only improve your health, energy level, and probably your self-esteem but can cut down on trips to the doctor and medications as well, which equals cost-cutting. It might even cut your health insurance premiums. 97. Use community gyms rather than pricier fitness centers. And/or take up cheaper or free forms of exercise, like running, walking, or cycling. There are often local groups that get together to do these things socially if you prefer company. 98. Use free or low-cost apps for workouts instead of paying for a gym membership. 99. Take advantage of preventative care benefits covered by your health insurance, such as flu shots and annual physicals, to avoid bigger health issues and costs later on. Some insurance companies also offer discounts on services (i.e., gym memberships) or rewards cash on pre-paid credit cards for tracking health goals.   Miscellaneous Tips 100. Grow a vegetable garden or mix veggies with your landscaping. Container gardening is another option. At one time, we spent less than $100 monthly on groceries, most of which were non-food items, while growing much of our own food. 101. Buy at least slightly or lightly used vehicles, not new. This can save many thousands of dollars, which is a no-brainer, I know. You may get a much better deal on the used vehicle you want by buying from a private individual instead of a dealership. Just be sure to have the vehicle checked beforehand. 102. Consider volunteering in exchange for perks, such as free admission to events or meals, which can reduce your entertainment and dining expenses. 103. Try (and try again) to give up expensive habits, especially those that aren't good for you. Or at least cut back a certain amount per week or month. It's a start! 104. Get organized! Being able to see what you have and get to it (i.e., food, clothing, etc.) means you don't go out and buy something you've already got or let things go bad (especially food). And that's the end of my list (for now). Have any other suggestions? Please leave them in the comments below. Ways to Save Money: Keeping Track I've been a dedicated budget keeper for decades, which has helped me save a good amount despite my modest income. Seeing where your money comes from, where it goes, and how much in any particular category is a real eye-opener and, in my opinion, the only way to properly and effectively manage your finances. It's also a great way to remember to "pay yourself first," as the saying goes—to designate a certain portion of your income directly to your savings account each week or each month before you spend a dime of it. Budgeting can certainly be done on paper with a ledger book, but using a computer program is much easier once you get the hang of it. It also lets you view reports and graphs to get the big picture more easily, plan ahead, and "play" with the numbers. A computer budget program will also allow you to reallocate funds from one category to another if, for example, you find you spent less than anticipated in one category but need or want to spend more in another for the month. Me, I use Microsoft Money, which I really like. However, the program is no longer available for purchase. For that reason, I recommend (and have also used) Quicken. It's very user-friendly and an excellent tool, with many budget groups and categories to choose from, and you can also make up your own. These are some of the budget groups and categories you might use: INCOME **Some categories may be zero, but you might create them if you realize some income in those areas, such as gifts, refunds, and commissions. Net Salary (spouse) **after taxes and other payroll deductions Net Salary (me) **after taxes and other payroll deductions Bank Interest Dividends Gifts Credit Card Rewards Online Income Refunds/Rebates Commissions EXPENSES Home Mortgage or Rent Maintenance and Repair Lawn care Cleaning Service Groceries Bills Cable/Satellite TV Streaming Services Internet Telephone (Cell phone) Water/Trash/Sewer Natural Gas Electricity Propane Insurance Auto Medical Homeowners Life Auto Expenses Loan Payments Gasoline Maintenance Repairs Annual Registration Auto Club (AAA) Other Expenses Dining Out Clothing Entertainment Travel Fitness Club Dues Accountant Fees Property Taxes State Income Tax (last year) Federal Income Tax (last year) Estimated Quarterly Income Taxes Pet Supplies Veterinarian Online accounts (i . e., hosting service, domain names)

Disclosure :  Some of the links on this page are affiliate links, and I may earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. When it comes to rainwater harvesting, ensuring the water you collect is as clean as possible is crucial, especially if you want to use it for potable purposes. One of the most effective ways to improve the quality of your harvested rainwater is by installing a first flush diverter, also known as a roof washer. In this guide, we'll walk you through making your first flush diverter using simple materials. What Is a First Flush Diverter? A first flush diverter is a simple yet essential component of a rainwater harvesting system . Its primary function is to capture and discard the initial flow of rainwater that washes off your roof. This first "flush" of water is typically the most contaminated, as it collects dirt, debris, bird droppings, and other pollutants that can accumulate on the roof during dry periods. By diverting this dirty water from your storage tank, a first flush diverter can ensure that only cleaner water enters your rainwater collection system. This step is particularly important if you plan to use the water for drinking, cooking, or other potable uses, as it can significantly reduce the risk of contamination. Materials You'll Need Before we dive into the construction process, let's gather the materials you'll need for your DIY first flush diverter: PVC pipe (3-inch diameter) PVC end cap PVC T-junction Ball valve 90-degree PVC elbow joint Small mesh screen Rubber washer Silicone sealant Pipe cleaner and PVC cement Zip ties or hose clamps Gravel or small stones (optional) These materials are generally easy to find at your local hardware store, sometimes at a discount or used material store (i.e., if you have a Habitat for Humanity ReStore near you ), or even free, and the entire project should cost you less than purchasing a first flush diverter kit . DIY Roof Washers: Step-by-Step Instructions 1. Assemble the PVC Pipe Start by cutting the PVC pipe to the desired length. The length will determine the volume of water that gets diverted before clean water enters your storage tank. A good rule of thumb is diverting the first 5-10 gallons of rainwater, depending on your roof size and how much debris accumulates. 2. Attach the End Cap Once you've cut the pipe, attach the PVC end cap to one end. Before securing it, drill a small hole in the center of the end cap to allow for slow drainage. This hole will ensure the diverter empties itself between rain events, preparing it for the next rainfall. You can fill the pipe with gravel or small stones to regulate the drainage speed, but this is optional. We have a drip nozzle on our first flush, and instead of gravel, a first flush filter that helps keep the nozzle from clogging. If you want to simplify this part for yourself, you can buy either a 3-inch first flush downspout kit or a 4-inch downspout kit and then customize it by adding a section of PVC if needed. 3. Install the T-Junction Next, attach the T-junction to the other end of the PVC pipe. The T-junction will serve as the connection point between your downspout, the first flush diverter, and your main collection system. Be sure to use PVC cement to secure all connections tightly. 4. Add the Ball Valve Now, install the ball valve on the side opening of the T-junction. This valve will allow you to manually flush out any remaining debris and empty the diverter if needed. Make sure the valve is easily accessible for regular maintenance. 5. Attach the Elbow Joint At the top of the T-junction, attach the 90-degree PVC elbow joint. This joint will connect to your downspout, guiding the initial flow of rainwater into the diverter. Ensure the joint is securely fitted to prevent any leaks. 6. Install the Mesh Screen To prevent larger debris, such as leaves and twigs, from entering the diverter, install a small mesh screen or leaf filter at the entrance of the downspout, or you can use these simple gutter guards (just remember to get up on a ladder now and then clear them off). Secure the screen with a rubber washer and silicone sealant to keep it in place. This step will help maintain the effectiveness of your diverter and extend its lifespan. 7. Secure the Diverter to Your Downspout With the diverter assembled, it's time to attach it to your downspout. Use zip ties or hose clamps to securely fasten the PVC elbow joint to the downspout. Make sure the diverter is positioned vertically so gravity can do its work. The water should flow easily from the downspout, through the elbow joint, into the T-junction, and down into the PVC pipe. 8. Test Your First Flush Diverter After installing your first flush diverter, testing it during the next rainfall is essential. Check for any leaks or blockages, and ensure that the first flow of rainwater is being diverted properly. If everything works correctly, you should see the dirty water being directed away from your main collection system. First Flush Maintenance Tips While a first flush diverter is a low-maintenance addition to your rainwater harvesting system, it does require some occasional upkeep: Regularly Check the Drainage Hole:  Over time, the drainage hole in the end cap can become clogged with sediment or debris. Make sure to clear it out regularly to ensure the diverter empties between rainfalls. Clean the Mesh Screen:  The mesh screen, leaf filter, or downspout gutter guard should be inspected and cleaned periodically to prevent blockages that could reduce the diverter's efficiency. Inspect the Ball Valve:  The valve should be opened and closed periodically to ensure it remains functional. This also helps flush out any accumulated debris. Why Use a First Flush Diverter? Using a first flush diverter in your rainwater harvesting system offers several benefits, especially for those aiming to use their collected rainwater for potable purposes. Removing the most contaminated water from your system significantly reduces the risk of introducing harmful bacteria, chemicals, or debris into your storage tank. This simple addition can really improve the quality of your water, making it safer for drinking and other household uses. Also, building your own first flush diverter is a cost-effective way to enhance your rainwater harvesting system. It also aligns with sustainable living practices, allowing you to make the most out of natural resources while minimizing waste. Maximizing the Benefits of a DIY First Flush Diverter for Clean Rainwater Harvesting A first flush diverter is invaluable for anyone serious about rainwater harvesting, especially if the water is intended for potable use. While you can always buy a customizable pre-made first flush or kit , if you prefer to do things the DIY way, you can definitely make an effective, affordable diverter that helps ensure the water you collect is as clean and safe as possible and can also pass your local building code, if applicable. Not only does this project promote sustainable living, but it also empowers you to take control of your water quality, one rainstorm at a time. Looking for more ways to filter and clean the rainwater you collect? Here are 5 DIY methods for home use . First Flush FAQs 1. What is the purpose of a first flush diverter in a rainwater harvesting system? A first flush diverter is designed to capture and discard the initial flow of rainwater from your roof, which is often the most contaminated with dirt, debris, and other pollutants. By diverting this water, the diverter ensures that cleaner water enters your storage tank, improving the quality of your harvested rainwater. 2. How much water should a first flush diverter divert? The amount of water diverted by a first flush diverter typically depends on the size of your roof and the amount of debris that tends to accumulate. A general guideline is to divert the first 10-20 gallons of water, but this can vary based on your specific situation. Adjusting the length of the PVC pipe in your DIY diverter can help control the volume of water diverted. 3. Can I use a first flush diverter to harvest rainwater for non-potable uses? Yes, a first flush diverter can still be beneficial even if you’re using the water for non-potable purposes like irrigation or flushing toilets. Diverting the first flush of contaminated water helps reduce the amount of debris and pollutants that could clog pipes or cause other issues in your system, ultimately prolonging the life of your rainwater harvesting setup. 4. How often should I maintain my first flush diverter? Regular maintenance of a first flush diverter is essential to ensure its effectiveness. You should check the drainage hole, clean the mesh screen, and inspect the ball valve at least every few months, especially during the rainy season. This will help prevent blockages and ensure that the diverter functions properly. 5. Is it difficult to install a DIY first flush diverter? Installing a DIY first flush diverter is a relatively simple project that can be completed with basic tools and materials. By following step-by-step instructions, most people can successfully build and install their own diverter in a few hours. It’s a cost-effective way to enhance your rainwater harvesting system and improve the quality of the water you collect.

Disclosure :  Some of the links on this page are affiliate links, and I may earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. "Sustainable living means understanding how our lifestyle choices impact the world around us and finding ways for everyone to live better and lighter. " ~UN Environment Programme As the wind blows your outdoor furniture away, the mud caked on your shoes feels like you’re dragging sticky concrete blobs around, and the allergies kick in big time… Actually, let’s start over... As the sun peeks through the blinds and birdsong fills the air on a bluebird day, it's time to embrace the rejuvenating ritual of spring cleaning. But this year, let's approach it with a sustainable twist that will benefit us and our homes all year round. Going far beyond dusting the house from top to bottom and mopping the floors, here are some suggestions for refreshing our homes while minimizing our environmental footprint, improving overall well-being, and even saving some money in the process. 1. Declutter with Purpose Start by going through each room and identifying items you no longer need or use. Set aside clothes, books, toys, and household and gardening items that you can donate to local charities or pass on to friends to neighbors who need them. Remember, one person’s clutter could be another’s useful treasure. Here are some suggestions in the decluttering department: 🗹 Revamp Your Wardrobe Conduct a thorough inventory of your clothing and accessories, sorting items into categories such as everyday wear, special occasions, and seasonal garments. Donate gently used clothing that no longer fits or suits your style to local charities or clothing drives, and consider repurposing worn-out pieces, for example, as reusable cleaning rags or to cut up and sew into other useful items. 🗹 Do a Bookshelf Makeover Pare down your overflowing book collection by setting aside titles you've already read or no longer intend to read. Donate books to libraries, schools, or community organizations, host a book swap with friends and neighbors (do you have a "tiny library in your neighborhood?) to exchange literary treasures, or bring those well-loved books to a used bookstore for cash or, better yet, store credit. 🗹 Triage Toys, Too Involve children in the decluttering process by encouraging them to select toys they no longer play with or have outgrown. Donate gently used toys to shelters, daycare centers, or charitable organizations that support families in need, and establish designated storage areas to keep toys organized and easily accessible. 🗹 Do a Kitchen Cleanout Empty cabinets and drawers to assess kitchenware and cooking utensils. Donate duplicates or excess cookware, dishes, and gadgets, and repurpose or recycle broken items that no longer serve a purpose as is. Organize essentials in designated zones based on functionality to streamline your kitchen setup. Do the same with food by organizing your pantry, fridge, and freezer spaces, making sure that the oldest stuff or anything that expires sooner than later is at the front. 🗹 Overhaul the Home Office Sort through paperwork and office supplies, shredding outdated documents (compost or use as firestarter if possible), and recycling old magazines or catalogs. Create an efficient workspace by decluttering desktops and filing cabinets, implementing an effective filing system for important documents, and minimizing distractions to enhance productivity and focus. 🗹 Sort Sentimental Selections Preserve cherished memories while minimizing clutter by curating sentimental items such as photographs, letters, and mementos. Digitize memories when possible and organize them into photo albums or scrapbooks to save space. Display treasured keepsakes in shadow boxes or memory jars to honor their significance without overwhelming your living space. 2. Organize with Intention After decluttering, it's time to organize your remaining belongings with purpose and mindfulness. By creating well-organized spaces, you not only prevent clutter from re-accumulating but also make it easier to see what you have on hand, reducing the likelihood of overbuying and eliminating waste of both things and money. Whenever possible, opt for sustainable organizing solutions such as bamboo storage bins and baskets, recycled organizers, or repurposed containers. 🗹 Prioritize the Pantry Take stock of your pantry staples and organize them in a way that maximizes visibility and accessibility. Group similar items together and consider using clear containers or labels to easily identify contents. This not only helps prevent food waste by ensuring items are used before they expire but also streamlines meal planning and grocery shopping. You can also group items by meal. 🗹 Bring Clarity to Your Closets Arrange clothing and accessories so you can see everything at a glance. Consider organizing items by category, color, or frequency of use to make getting dressed as easy as a spring breeze. Donate items you no longer wear and repair or repurpose worn-out favorites to extend their lifespan. 🗹 Tidy Up the Tools Sort through your tools, hardware, and DIY supplies and organize them in labeled containers, drawers, cubbies, shelves, racks, or tubs. This not only makes it easier to find what you need when tackling home projects but also prevents unnecessary purchases of items you already own. Don't forget to sort all those random screws, bolts, nails, and other leftover bits and bobs so you know what you have and don't accidentally buy more of what you don't need. 🗹 Streamline Storage Evaluate your storage solutions and optimize them for efficiency and accessibility. Utilize vertical space with shelving or hooks, invest in stackable storage bins, and consider repurposing underutilized areas such as the space under beds or stairs. By making the most of your available space, you can avoid the temptation to accumulate excess belongings. 🗹 Bring Digital Order to the Disorder Extend your organizing efforts to your digital life by decluttering your devices and organizing files and folders in a logical manner. Delete unnecessary files, unsubscribe from unused subscriptions, and back up important documents to prevent loss and frustration. 3. Recycle and Repurpose Responsibly Gather up old electronics, batteries, and other recyclables lurking in drawers and closets. If you don't have curbside pickup service, visit drop-off locations where you can properly dispose of these items. Here are some suggestions for these two (of seven) Rs of sustainable living: 🗹 Evaluate Your Electronics Take inventory of old electronics gathering dust in your home, including outdated computers, smartphones, and appliances. Before recycling them, consider whether these items can be refurbished or repurposed for another use within your household. Donate functioning electronics to local charities or schools, or explore trade-in programs offered by manufacturers or retailers to responsibly dispose of electronic waste while potentially earning incentives for future purchases. Businesses like Best Buy, Staples, and Walmart accept various electronics and other items for recycling (check their lists of accepted items online, like this one from Staples ) and sometimes give you a little cash or store credit in return.  🗹 Think About Batteries Collect spent batteries from remote controls, gadgets, and household devices and research local recycling programs or drop-off locations that accept batteries for proper disposal. Many retailers and community organizations offer battery recycling services to prevent hazardous materials from contaminating the environment. Consider changing over to rechargeable batteries (<--our recommendations) instead. 🗹 Consider Plastic Packaging Reuse Repurpose plastic packaging such as containers, bottles, and bags for storage, organization, or creative DIY projects. Use clean plastic containers to store small items like craft supplies, hardware, or pantry staples, and upcycle plastic bags into makeshift storage solutions or eco-friendly gift wrap alternatives. By giving plastic packaging a second life, you reduce the demand for new plastic products and minimize waste sent to landfills. 🗹 Transform T extiles Extend the lifespan of worn or damaged textiles by repurposing them or donating them to textile recycling programs. Cut old clothing and linens into cleaning rags or reusable shopping bags, or explore upcycling projects such as quilting, patchwork, or crafting. Many textile recycling facilities accept worn-out or torn textiles for processing into new materials, diverting textiles from landfills and supporting a circular economy. 🗹 Get Creative with Cardboard Transform cardboard packaging from household goods or deliveries into imaginative DIY projects or practical storage solutions. Reuse cardboard tubes from paper towels or toilet paper rolls as seed starters for gardening or as cable organizers for electronics. Cardboard can also be reused like a biodegradable mulch to create new garden beds . By repurposing cardboard, you reduce waste and unleash your creativity while minimizing environmental impact. 4. Use Eco-Friendly Cleaning Products Swap out harsh chemical cleaners for environmentally friendly alternatives. Look for biodegradable and non-toxic options that are gentle on both your home and the planet. Better yet, try making your own cleaners using simple ingredients like vinegar, baking soda, and essential oils. 🗹 Try a DIY All-Purpose Cleaner Mix equal parts water and white vinegar in a spray bottle for a versatile cleaner that tackles grease, grime, and stains on countertops, sinks, and appliances. 🗹 Make a Simple Lemon Fresh Scrub Combine baking soda with a few drops of lemon essential oil to create a gentle abrasive scrub for tackling tough stains on surfaces like tubs, tiles, and grout. 🗹 Freshener the Air Naturally Say goodbye to synthetic air fresheners and opt for natural alternatives like simmering citrus peels and spices on the stove or placing bowls of baking soda infused with essential oils around your home to absorb odors. 🗹 Use a Green Laundry Detergent Choose eco-friendly laundry detergents that are free from harsh chemicals and artificial fragrances. Alternatively, use "zero-waste" laundry detergent sheets or make your own detergent using soap nuts or baking soda and washing soda. 5. Make Energy-Efficient Upgrades Spring cleaning the sustainable living way can also include reducing our energy usage and waste. While going through your home, decluttering, organizing, and cleaning, take this opportunity to assess your home's energy consumption, too. 🗹 Use LED Lighting Replace traditional incandescent bulbs with energy-efficient LED bulbs, which consume up to 80% less energy and last much longer. This will save both electricity and money on replacements. (Note that some companies that sell LEDs often will send free replacements if any you have don't last as long as they say they should. Happened to us. Sent them an email, and they gave us new ones.) 🗹 Seal Air Leaks Use weatherstripping and caulking to seal gaps around windows, doors, and vents to prevent heated or cooled air from escaping, reducing the workload on your HVAC system and lowering energy bills. 🗹 Set a Smart Thermostat Consider installing a programmable or smart thermostat to regulate your home's temperature more efficiently. The thermostat can adjust settings based on your schedule and preferences to minimize energy waste. 🗹 Insulate Hot Water Pipes Wrap hot water pipes with insulation to prevent heat loss as water travels from your heater to faucets and showers, reducing the energy needed to maintain hot water temperatures. 6. Make Your Garden Even Greener Extend your spring cleaning efforts to the outdoors by tidying up your garden or outdoor space. Clear away and compost debris and start planning your sustainable garden with drought-tolerant plants and water-saving strategies, including mulching to slow evaporation. 🗹 Use Water-Wise Landscaping Choose drought-tolerant plants native to the region and group them according to their water needs to minimize water usage. 🗹 Harvest Rainwater Install rain barrels or cisterns—or maybe add more if you already have some—to capture rainwater runoff from your roof. This will provide a free and sustainable water source for watering your garden during dry spells. Learn more about whole-house potable rainwater systems here . 🗹 Try Some Mulch Magic Apply a layer of organic mulch, such as straw, leaves, pine needles, or grass clippings, around plants to retain moisture in the soil, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature, reducing the need for frequent watering. (This is a good book all about how to mulch .) 🗹 Create Compost Start a compost pile or bin to recycle organic waste from your kitchen and garden into nutrient-rich compost, enriching soil fertility and reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers. You can buy any number of different compost bins or make one yourself from materials you may already have lying around, like old pallets, leftover wire fencing or chicken wire, or cinder blocks. 7. Practice Mindful Consumption Spring is a great time to create new habits, too. Before heading out to buy new storage containers or organizational gadgets, consider repurposing items you already have or sourcing second-hand alternatives. Opt for durable, long-lasting products that can be reused or recycled when they reach the end of their lifespan. 🗹 Consume Consciously Before making new purchases, evaluate your needs versus wants and consider the environmental and social impacts of the products you're considering. Try to choose high-quality, durable items that serve multiple purposes or have a long lifespan, reducing the frequency of replacements and minimizing waste generation over time. 🗹 Do a Second-Hand Treasure Hunt Explore thrift stores, consignment shops, and online marketplaces for preloved treasures that offer unique charm and character. Embrace the thrill of the hunt as you uncover one-of-a-kind finds, from vintage furniture and clothing to retro kitchenware and decor. By opting for second-hand goods, you extend the lifecycle of existing products and divert items from landfills while saving money and reducing resource consumption associated with manufacturing new items. Not to mention that many second-hand stores raise money for good causes. 🗹 Repair and Reuse Extend the life of your belongings by repairing, refurbishing, repurposing, and upcycling items that are showing signs of wear or damage. Invest in basic repair tools and resources or seek assistance from local repair cafes, community workshops, or online tutorials to tackle DIY fixes for clothing, appliances, electronics, and household goods. By embracing a culture of repair and reuse, you can learn valuable new skills, foster resourcefulness, and reduce the environmental footprint of your possessions. 🗹 Adopt a Minimalist Mindset Spring cleaning can equate to adopting a minimalist approach to consumption by decluttering and simplifying your surroundings to prioritize what truly adds value and joy to your life. Practice intentional purchasing by focusing on experiences, relationships, and personal growth rather than accumulating material possessions. Embrace the philosophy of "less is more" to free yourself from the burden of excess stuff, reduce consumption-driven stress, and live more consciously and authentically. 🗹 Make Sustainable Swaps Explore eco-friendly alternatives to conventional products and practices to minimize your environmental impact and promote sustainability in your daily life. Replace single-use items with reusable alternatives such as stainless steel water bottles, cloth shopping bags, and silicone food storage bags. Opt for natural, biodegradable materials over synthetic counterparts whenever possible, from bamboo toothbrushes and "zero-waste" hair care products to organic cotton textiles and eco-friendly cleaning supplies. By making sustainable swaps, you reduce waste generation, conserve natural resources, and support eco-conscious businesses committed to positive environmental stewardship. 🗹 Share and Borrow Embrace a sharing economy mindset by participating in community sharing initiatives, like tool libraries, book exchanges, and neighborhood swap meets. Share resources, skills, and experiences with friends, family, and neighbors to reduce individual consumption and maximize collective utilization. Try to borrow items you need temporarily rather than purchasing them outright and then reciprocate by lending out items you own but infrequently use. By fostering a culture of sharing and collaboration, we can build social connections, promote resource efficiency, and contribute to a more sustainable, connected, and resilient community. 8. Reduce Paper Waste Go digital whenever possible by opting for e-bills, e-statements, and digital subscriptions. Scan and digitize important documents to reduce paper clutter and create a more streamlined filing system. 🗹 Choose Paperless Payment Options Enroll in electronic billing and payment services offered by utility companies, banks, and service providers to receive and pay bills online to reduce the paper waste associated with traditional mail delivery. Some companies and services offer discounts for going paperless. 🗹 Opt-Out of Junk Mail Contact companies and organizations to unsubscribe from mailing lists and promotional offers. This will reduce the influx of unwanted paper advertisements and catalogs into your mailbox. 9. Embrace Minimalism Simplify your surroundings by embracing the principles of minimalism. Focus on quality over quantity, and let go of excess possessions that no longer serve a purpose or bring you joy. Embracing a more intentional lifestyle prioritizes quality over quantity, clarity over clutter, and mindfulness over materialism. These actionable steps empower us to declutter our physical and digital spaces, optimize our living environment, and cultivate a more meaningful and sustainable way of life. 🗹 Declutter with Intention Yes, you've seen this one before (see #1 above), but it fits here, too. Embrace the minimalist mindset by decluttering your living space and letting go of excess possessions that no longer serve a purpose or bring you happiness. You can try the KonMari method or similar decluttering techniques to assess each item's value and determine whether it aligns with your vision of a simpler, more intentional lifestyle. Donate or sell items that no longer serve you, and focus on curating a curated collection of essentials that enhance your quality of life and reflect your priorities and values. 🗹 Choose Quality Over Quantity Shift your focus from accumulating possessions to investing in high-quality items that are built to last. Prioritize craftsmanship, durability, and timeless design when making purchasing decisions, whether it's furniture, clothing, electronics, or household goods. Choose versatile, multifunctional pieces that offer practicality and longevity, reducing the need for frequent replacements and minimizing waste. 🗹 Optimize Your Space Maximize the functionality and visual appeal of your living space by embracing minimalist design principles. Keep surfaces clear of clutter and opt for streamlined storage solutions that prioritize organization and efficiency—which makes them easier to clean, too! Invest in multifunctional furniture with built-in storage or minimalist aesthetics that complement your space without overwhelming it. Create designated zones for different activities and minimize distractions to foster a sense of calm and clarity in your home environment. 🗹 Do a Digital Detox Apply minimalist principles to your digital life by decluttering and organizing your digital devices, files, and online accounts. Streamline your digital workspace by deleting unnecessary apps, emails, and files and organizing remaining digital assets into folders and categories for easy access. Practice mindful consumption of digital content by limiting screen time, unsubscribing from irrelevant newsletters and notifications, and curating your digital feeds to prioritize quality over quantity. 🗹 Try Some Mindful Maintenance Cultivate a mindset of mindful maintenance by embracing the mantra of "less is more" in your daily routines and responsibilities. Simplify your commitments, obligations, and possessions to reduce overwhelm and create space for what truly matters. Prioritize self-care, relaxation, and meaningful experiences over busyness and material pursuits, allowing yourself to savor life's simple pleasures and cultivate gratitude for the present moment. Expand Your Spring Cleaning Routine the Sustainable Living Way Along with decluttering, organizing, dusting, scrubbing, and polishing, there's a lot more we can do to clean up our living spaces and improve our daily lives this spring and beyond. By aligning minimalist values with sustainability and embracing eco-friendly practices, we can reduce our environmental footprint while enjoying greater life satisfaction and overall well-being, too. Do you know all seven Rs of sustainable living ?

Disclosure :  Some of the links on this page are affiliate links, and I may earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. From apple cores and eggshells to leaves, grass clippings, and garden leftovers, composting is a rewarding practice that transforms organic waste into a nutrient-rich soil amendment and (bonus!) keeps that organic waste out of landfills. And you don’t need any pricey bins or special tools to do it. While there are many commercially available composting solutions, creating your own DIY compost bins and piles allows you to customize them to fit your space, needs, and budget. Today, we'll cover a variety of DIY composting methods, from wooden pallet bins to tumbler composters, providing basic instructions (because they’re easy to make) and composting tips along the way. You may already have the materials on hand to make one or more of these DIY compost bins or piles, so use, reuse, and repurpose away!  1. Basic DIY Compost Bin: Wooden Pallets  Pallets offer a simple and cost-effective—potentially free—option for constructing a compost bin, with the gaps in the pallets allowing for good airflow. To create one, gather three or four pallets of similar size. Stand them upright and secure them together using screws, wire, rope, zip ties, chain, or whatever else you might have on hand to form a triangle or square. Allow for one side to be opened so you can access the pile for turning. If the gaps in the pallets are wide enough for compost materials to fall through, you can tack chicken wire or other wire mesh onto the outside of the bin. And that’s it: Your repurposed pallet compost bin is now ready to use. Fill it with alternating layers of green and brown materials, turning the pile regularly with a shovel or pitchfork for optimal decomposition. One option is to create a second bin to turn the compost into and then back to the original bin the next time you turn it. Cinder blocks and straw bales are good alternatives to wood pallets for creating a basic DIY compost bin. Tip: Compost Watering A compost pile or bin should be watered every three to seven days . However, the frequency and amount of water needed can depend on various factors, such as the amount of compost you have and its location, which may be exposed to precipitation. For optimal aerobic composting, a compost pile should be damp but not soggy, similar to a wrung-out sponge, and it shouldn’t smell bad. If the compost mixture is very wet, you might need to turn it daily until the moisture level comes down.  2. A DIY Trash Can Compost Bin  Repurpose one or more large plastic or metal trash cans into functional compost bins. Just drill small holes around the sides and bottom of the bin for adequate airflow and drainage. Place the bin in a convenient location and begin adding green and brown compostable materials. Secure the lid to keep pests out and periodically mix the contents or transfer them to a different trash can to promote decomposition.  This type of DIY compost bin is perfect for small spaces and smaller amounts of kitchen scraps and yard and garden waste, and it can be easily moved if needed. Tip: Adjusting the Moisture Content of a Compost Bin You can adjust the wetness of a compost bin or pile by the ingredients you add. More dry, carbon-based materials, like dry leaves, pine needles, or sawdust, will help dry out a soggy heap, and more fresh, wet ingredients, such as leftover coffee and tea and vegetable and fruit scraps, will add moisture.  3. Wire Mesh Cylinder Bin  Repurpose wire mesh, fencing like chicken wire, or hardware cloth to create a cylindrical compost bin. Start by cutting a piece of wire mesh to your desired height and length—for example, cut a 9-foot-long piece for a diameter of approximately 2 feet 10 inches. Form the mesh into a cylinder shape and secure the ends together with wire, rope, zip ties, small carabiners, etc. You can also use a longer piece of wire mesh or chicken wire, overlapping it to start with a smaller cylinder and then expand it as your pile grows, as this two-piece commercial wire composter does. Place the wire mesh bin in a suitable location, secure it with poles or T-posts as needed so it won't blow away or tip over, and begin adding compostable materials. The open design allows for excellent aeration and easy watering as needed. To turn the pile, either start a second cylinder bin or remove the wire from the one you’ve made, form a new cylinder next to the first one, and turn the pile into it.  Tip: Compost Layering As you’re adding to your compost bin, alternate layers of green (nitrogen-rich) and brown (carbon-rich) materials. This helps create a balanced environment for decomposition. Greens include vegetable scraps, fruit peels, grass clippings, and coffee grounds, while browns are things like dried leaves, straw, pine needles, and cardboard. So, if your daily additions tend to be greens from your kitchen or garden, add a layer of browns every so often. 4. Stackable DIY Compost Bins   Stackable compost bin systems offer flexibility and scalability. You can either purchase commercially available stackable bins or create your own using plastic storage bins or wooden boxes. Stack the bins on top of each other, adding new layers of compostable materials as needed. The stackable design makes it easy to manage multiple batches of compost and expand your composting capacity over time. Here's an easy stackable compost bin design from the Vegetable Garden Guru. Tips: Things NOT to Compost Avoid putting meat, fish, dairy products, and other oily or fatty food in your compost bin. These things can attract critters and create rather unpleasant odors. They also break down at a slower pace. While not suitable for regular composting, you can use a Bokashi composting system specifically designed for meat, dairy, and oily items. Bokashi fermentation breaks down these materials, and the resulting compost can be buried in your garden or added to regular compost bins after the fermentation process. 5. DYI Tumbler Composter  Tumbler composters, aka compost spinners, provide a convenient way to turn and mix compost materials, speeding up the decomposition process. While you can certainly buy a tumbler composter , you can also make your own by repurposing a large barrel or drum. Just make sure you know what was in it before to avoid any nasty chemicals or fuel residue. Rain barrels make for great compost tumblers, too. Mount it on a sturdy frame or axle to allow for easy rotation. As you fill the tumbler with compostable materials, give it a spin every few days to aerate and mix the contents. Tumbler composters are ideal for small spaces and produce compost more quickly than traditional methods. Here's a good how-to from down under... Tip: Making a Compost Tea You can brew a nutrient-rich compost tea using your finished compost. Fill a bucket or basin with water and add a generous scoop of compost. Let this steep for a day or two, stirring occasionally. Strain out the solids, leaving behind the liquid—this is your concentrated homemade compost tea. Use this as a soil drench by diluting it with water (about 1 part tea to 4 parts water) and pouring it around the base of your houseplants or container plants for an occasional nutritious spa treatment.  6. Pit Composting  Pit composting is a straightforward method that requires minimal setup and is perfect for small spaces. Start by digging a pit in the ground, approximately one to two feet deep. Layer compostable materials in the pit, alternating between green and brown materials. Optionally, cover the pit with soil or a lid to help retain moisture and heat. Pit composting integrates seamlessly with the soil ecosystem, allowing microorganisms to break down organic matter naturally. Tip: Composting Pine Needles Yes, you can compost pine needles , too. However, there are a couple of important things to keep in mind: Pine needles decompose very slowly, so moderation is key. Aim for no more than 10% of your overall compost pile to be pine needles. Pines are known for their acidic nature, but as the green needles turn brown and fall from the tree, their acidity diminishes, so it's best to use these for composting. 7. The Simple Compost Heap Very simple, very easy, yet more accessible to critters, the classic compost heap requires no enclosure at all and allows for free-form composting. Simply designate an area in your yard for your compost heap and begin adding compostable materials. As always, layer greens and browns and occasionally turn the heap to promote decomp.  Tip: Using your Finished Compost While it’s possible to plant directly into compost, it’s better to combine it with other soil, like your existing garden soil. Aim for a 1:1 ratio of compost to soil. Pure compost can be too rich and may retain too much moisture, potentially suffocating plant roots. For potted plants, you can use compost as a top dressing, spreading a layer over the surface. This compost layer acts as a slow-release fertilizer and helps retain moisture. For seedlings, mix compost with the surrounding soil to prevent root burn. Choose DIY Compost Solutions to Fit Your Needs Whether you opt for a basic wooden pallet bin, a more complex tumbler composter, or another type of DIY composting solution, the key is to find one or more methods that work for you, your environment, and the amount of compostable kitchen, yard, and garden waste you generate.  By composting at home, you're not only reducing waste but also enriching your soil and contributing to a healthier planet, so it's a win-win-win situation. What kind of composting bin do you use? Please share your ideas and suggestions or composting questions in the comments below. Compost Bin FAQs What materials do I need to make a basic DIY compost bin from wooden pallets? To make a basic compost bin from wooden pallets, you need three or four pallets of similar size, screws, wire, rope, zip ties, or chains to secure them together. Optionally, you can use chicken wire or other wire mesh to prevent compost materials from falling through the gaps. How often should I water my compost pile or bin? A compost pile or bin should be watered every three to seven days. The compost should be damp but not soggy, similar to a wrung-out sponge. If it's too wet, you may need to turn it daily until the moisture level is appropriate. Can I make my own tumbler composter? Yes, you can make your own tumbler composter using a large barrel or drum. Mount it on a sturdy frame or axle to allow for easy rotation, and spin it every few days to aerate and mix the compost materials. What is pit composting, and how do I do it? Pit composting involves digging a pit about one to two feet deep, layering green and brown compostable materials, and optionally covering the pit with soil or a lid. This method allows microorganisms to break down organic matter naturally. Can pine needles be composted, and what should I keep in mind? Yes, pine needles can be composted. However, they decompose very slowly, so it's best to use them in moderation, not exceeding 10% of your compost pile. Over time, as pine needles turn brown, their acidity diminishes, making them suitable for composting. What are the benefits of using compost tea, and how do I make it? Compost tea is a nutrient-rich liquid made by steeping finished compost in water for a day or two. Strain out the solids, dilute the liquid with water (1 part tea to 4 parts water), and use it as a soil drench to provide nutrients to your plants. What ratio of compost to soil should I use when planting? When planting, it's best to combine compost with other soil in a 1:1 ratio. Pure compost can be too rich and may retain too much moisture, potentially suffocating plant roots. For potted plants, use compost as a top dressing, and for seedlings, mix it with the surrounding soil to prevent root burn.

Disclosure :  Some of the links on this page are affiliate links, and I may earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. If you can fill it with soil, a raised bed it could be. Embrace the charm of your garden’s vertical dimension with raised garden beds—a creative solution that marries form with function. These elevated patches of earth aren’t just a visual delight; they’re a canvas for your horticultural artistry. With benefits like enhanced soil conditions , effortless tending , and strategic pest deterrence , raised beds elevate gardening from a fun pastime to a rewarding pursuit. But innovation doesn’t stop at the garden’s edge, and crafting your own raised garden beds need not be costly or drab. Our guide will walk you through several creative methods to construct raised garden beds from materials with past lives—think old file cabinets , retired refrigerators , and surplus sheet metal . These repurposing projects promise not just savings for your wallet but also a distinctive flair for your garden space. File Cabinets Refrigerators Sheet Metal Wooden Pallets Tires Cinder Blocks Wine Barrels Bathtubs Dressers Wooden Crates Drawers Gutters Other Materials #1. Upcycling Old File Cabinets One of the most inventive ways to create a raised garden bed is by repurposing old file cabinets. These sturdy metal containers are perfect for housing your plants and can be easily transformed and even painted with creative designs or murals. Steps to Create a File Cabinet Garden Bed Find the Right Cabinet:  If you don’t already have some, look for old metal file cabinets at thrift stores, yard sales, or online marketplaces. You might even find some at the local landfill or recycling center. Remove the Drawers:  Remove the drawers. If desired, you can use the drawers separately as smaller planters. Prep the Cabinet:  Drill drainage holes at the bottom of the cabinet to prevent water from pooling. This step is crucial for maintaining healthy soil moisture levels. Add a Liner:  Line the interior with landscape fabric or plastic sheeting to protect the metal from rust and to keep the soil in place. Fill with Soil:  Add a mix of garden soil and compost. #2 Recycling Old Refrigerators Another fascinating and functional way to create raised garden beds is by using old refrigerators. With the antifreeze safely removed, these large appliances can be transformed into spacious and durable garden beds that are great for keeping rodents out and also insulating the soil. Steps to Convert a Refrigerator into a Garden Bed Safety First:  Ensure the refrigerator is completely emptied of all refrigerants and chemicals. This is essential for environmental safety and personal health. Remove Doors and Shelves:  Remove the doors and any internal shelves or drawers. These components can also be repurposed. Drill Drainage Holes:  Similar to the file cabinet method, drill holes at the bottom for proper drainage, using heavy-duty drill bits for metal. Line the Interior:  Line the inside with landscape fabric or plastic sheeting , protecting the metal and ensuring the soil stays in place. Add Soil and Compost:  Fill the refrigerator with a good quality soil and compost mix. Check out this raised bed made with an old refrigerator (which was free) and topped with a mini-greenhouse that also keeps out rodents and pests. #3. Using Leftover Sheet Metal Leftover sheet metal from roofing or siding projects can also be creatively repurposed to build raised garden beds. This material is durable, weather-resistant, and can be fashioned into various shapes and sizes. Steps to Build a Sheet Metal Garden Bed Gather Materials:  Collect leftover sheet metal and metal screws . You’ll also need wooden stakes for support. Cut to Size:  Cut the sheet metal to your desired length and width using tin snips . Ensure the edges are smooth to avoid injury. Build the Frame:  Use wooden stakes to create a frame and attach the sheet metal to the stakes using screws. If you have long enough pieces of sheet metal, you could also make circular beds. Secure and Stabilize:  Ensure the structure is stable and securely anchored to the ground. You can use garden stakes to do this. Prepare the Bed:  You can line the interior with landscape fabric to prevent soil erosion and rusting. For taller beds, line the bottom with cardboard and fill some of the space with sticks, log pieces, leaves, and other organics and then add soil and compost to the top one or two feet. #4. Repurposing Wooden Pallets Repurposing wooden pallets is another excellent way to create raised garden beds. Used pallets are often readily available, often free, and can be easily customized to fit your gardening needs. Steps to Create a Pallet Garden Bed Select Your Pallets:  Look for pallets that are in good condition and free of chemicals. Some pallets are treated with harmful substances, so be sure to use untreated ones. Disassemble the Pallets:  Carefully take apart the pallets using a hammer or pry bar. Build the Frame:  Use the pallet wood to create a rectangular frame. Nail or screw the pieces together securely. Line the Bed:  Line the interior with landscape fabric to retain soil and moisture. Fill with Soil:  Add a rich mix of soil and compost. Gardener Scott shows us how to do it: #5. Creating Garden Beds with Old Tires Old tires can be transformed into unique and functional raised garden beds. This method is not only creative but also environmentally friendly, as it repurposes materials that would otherwise contribute to landfill waste. Steps to Make a Tire Garden Bed Collect Tires:  Gather old tires from local garages, recycling centers, or your own garage. Clean the Tires:  To remove any surface chemicals, you can clean the tires with vinegar, baking soda, or dish soap and water. Stack and Secure:  You can use tires individually or stack them to your desired height. Line the Interior:  Line the inside of the tires with landscape fabric. Fill with Soil:  Add soil and compost to each tire layer, pushing it into the sides of the tires as you go. Decorate: Don't like the plain ol' tire look? Get creative and paint the tires or even cover them with cob (a mix of clay, sand, and straw) coated with a lime plaster. Surrounding them with rocks is another option. Concerned about contaminants in rubber tires? Steve Upson, Senior Horticulture Consultant at Noble Research Institute, addresses that issue and shows his way of reducing waste by using old tires to create Rubber Lumber in this video: #6. Using Cinder Blocks Cinder blocks are another versatile material for building raised garden beds. They're durable, easy to work with, and provide a modern, industrial look to your garden. Steps to Build a Cinder Block Garden Bed Plan Your Layout:  Decide on the size and shape of your garden bed. Lay the Blocks:  Arrange the cinder blocks in your desired shape, ensuring they are level and stable. Fill the Holes:  The holes in the cinder blocks can be filled with soil to plant additional flowers or herbs. Add Soil:  Fill the center of the bed with a mix of soil and compost. Start Planting:  Plant your chosen plants in both the cinder block holes and the main garden bed area. #7. Repurposing Wine Barrels Wine barrels can be cut in half to create charming and rustic raised garden beds. These barrels are perfect for smaller spaces and add a unique touch to any garden. Steps to Create a Wine Barrel Garden Bed Find Wine Barrels:  Look for old wine barrels at local wineries or online marketplaces. Cut in Half:  Using a saw, carefully cut the barrel in half to create two separate planters. Drill Drainage Holes:  Ensure proper drainage by drilling holes at the bottom of each half. Line the Interior:  Line the inside with landscape fabric. Fill with Soil:  Add soil and compost to each barrel half. #8. Repurposing Bathtubs Old bathtubs can be creatively transformed into raised garden beds. They offer ample space and depth for a variety of plants and add a quirky element to your garden design. Steps to Convert a Bathtub into a Garden Bed Acquire an Old Bathtub:  You can find an old bathtub at salvage yards, online marketplaces, or even your own home. Clean and Prep:  Thoroughly clean the bathtub and ensure it has proper drainage. If not, drill additional holes. Line the Tub:  Use landscape fabric to line the interior. Add Soil and Compost:  Fill the tub with a mix of soil and compost. #9. Repurposing an Old Dresser An old dresser can be transformed into a raised garden bed. This idea is not only creative but also offers multiple planting levels for a variety of plants. Steps to Transform a Dresser into a Garden Bed Find a Dresser:  Look for an old dresser at thrift stores, yard sales, or in your attic. Remove Drawers:  Take out the drawers and lay the dresser on its back, using the interior space for planting. You can use the drawers separately as planters (see idea #11 below). Prep the Dresser:  Drill drainage holes in the bottom of the dresser. Line the Dresser:  Line the interior with landscape fabric. Add Soil and Compost #10. Crafting Raised Garden Beds from Wooden Crates Wooden crates are an excellent material for building raised garden beds. They are often easy to find and can be stacked and arranged in various configurations to suit your garden's layout. Steps to Create a Wooden Crate Garden Bed Find Wooden Crates:  Look for sturdy wooden crates at local stores, markets, or online. Ensure they're in good condition and untreated. Line the Crates:  Line the interior of each crate with landscape fabric to prevent soil from escaping and retain moisture. Stack and Arrange:  Arrange the crates in your desired configuration. You can stack them to create tiers or place them side by side and secure the crates together with wire, reusable outdoor zip ties , or screws. Fill with Soil:  Add a mix of soil and compost to each crate. #11. Repurposing Old Drawers for a Tiered Garden Bed Old drawers can be creatively repurposed to make a tiered raised garden bed. This idea is perfect for adding vertical interest to your garden and utilizing space efficiently. Steps to Transform Drawers into a Tiered Garden Bed Collect Old Drawers:  Gather old drawers from discarded dressers or furniture pieces. Prep the Drawers:  Drill drainage holes in the bottom of each drawer. Line the Drawers:  Line the interior with landscape fabric to protect the wood and retain soil. Build the Structure:  Arrange the drawers in a tiered formation, either by stacking them or by using supports to create different levels. Fill with Soil:  Add a rich mix of soil and compost to each drawer. Plant Your Garden:  Plant a variety of herbs, flowers, or vegetables in each drawer, taking advantage of the different levels for different plant types. Check out Gardening with GOO for a step-by-step breakdown on how to take old dresser drawers and turn them into a beautiful raised flowerbed: #12. Turning Old Gutters into Vertical Garden Beds Old gutters can be transformed into unique vertical garden beds, perfect for small spaces or to add a decorative element to your garden walls. Steps to Create a Gutter Garden Bed Gather Old Gutters:  Find old gutters from roofing projects or salvage yards. Ensure they're clean and in good condition. Cut to Size:  Cut the gutters to your desired length using a hacksaw. Drill Drainage Holes:  Drill small holes along the bottom of each gutter for proper drainage. Mount the Gutters:  Securely mount the gutters on a wall or fence using brackets or strong supports. Ensure they're level and spaced appropriately. Add Soil:  Fill the gutters with a lightweight potting mix to prevent overloading the structure. Plant Your Garden:  Plant shallow-rooted herbs, flowers, or small vegetables in the gutters. Other Materials for Making Raised Beds Metal bed frames Rocks, dry-stacked or mortared Logs Railroad ties Wheelbarrows and garden carts 55-gallon drums, whole or cut lengthwise (not previously used for chemicals or fuel) Utility sinks Large storage tubs and bins Stock troughs Embrace Creativity: Repurpose & Upcycle to Make Raised Beds for Your Garden Building raised garden beds using repurposed materials not only saves money but also reduces waste and adds a unique touch to your garden. From old file cabinets and refrigerators to sheet metal and wine barrels, the possibilities are endless. These creative ways to make raised garden beds will inspire you to think outside the box and transform your garden into a stunning and sustainable haven. So, gather your materials, unleash your creativity, and start building your own unique raised garden beds today! And please share your own creative raised beds in the comments below. Raised Garden Bed FAQs What are the benefits of using raised garden beds? Raised garden beds offer enhanced soil conditions, easier maintenance, and strategic pest deterrence. They also add a visual appeal to your garden, making it both functional and aesthetically pleasing. How can I repurpose old file cabinets into raised garden beds? To repurpose old file cabinets, remove the drawers, drill drainage holes at the bottom, line the interior with landscape fabric or plastic sheeting, and fill them with a mix of garden soil and compost. What steps should I follow to convert an old refrigerator into a garden bed? Ensure the refrigerator is emptied of refrigerants and chemicals, remove doors and shelves, drill drainage holes, line the interior with landscape fabric, and fill it with soil and compost. Can wooden pallets be used to create raised garden beds, and how? Yes, wooden pallets can be used. One method is to disassemble the pallets, build a rectangular frame using the repurposed wood, line the interior with landscape fabric, and fill the bed with soil and compost. How do I ensure proper drainage and soil health when using repurposed materials for raised garden beds? Drill drainage holes in the bottom of the containers, line the interior with landscape fabric to prevent soil erosion and regularly check and maintain soil moisture levels to ensure healthy plant growth. What types of plants are best suited for raised garden beds? Raised garden beds are versatile and can accommodate a wide variety of plants, including vegetables, herbs, flowers, and small shrubs. Plants that require well-drained soil, such as tomatoes, lettuce, carrots, and peppers, thrive particularly well in raised beds. How can I maintain the soil quality in my raised garden beds over time? To maintain soil quality, regularly add compost or organic matter to replenish nutrients, rotate crops to prevent soil depletion, and consider mulching to retain moisture and reduce weed growth. Periodically testing the soil pH and nutrient levels can also help in making necessary adjustments.

Disclaimer: I get a commission for purchases made through some of the links in this post. Can You Reuse Coffee Grounds? Yes! Coffee is definitely grounds for sustainability. Coffee is (obviously) one of the most popular drinks on the planet, with an estimated 3.3 billion pounds of java consumed in the United States alone last year . But beyond being a beloved beverage, coffee leads a double life as a versatile resource just waiting to be repurposed.  Not only are those used grounds a nitrogen-rich organic material, making them a fantastic addition to your compost bin, but they also have a gritty texture that makes them an excellent cleaning agent. Coffee grounds are a natural exfoliant, too, ideal for skin scrubs. They can even absorb odors, making them a secret weapon against funky fridge smells or even your housemate's aromatic shoes (not yours, of course).  With all these uses and more, it’s pretty obvious that spent coffee grounds are a valuable resource that should never go to waste. How to Reuse Leftover Coffee Grounds Here are some suggestions and how-tos: Compost Coffee Grounds Spent coffee grounds are rich in nitrogen and all kinds of beneficial trace nutrients, making them an excellent addition to your compost pile.  Garden with Coffee Grounds Some say spent coffee grounds are highly acidic and will therefore turn soil acidic, too. This simply isn't true. Once water has been run through the grounds, almost all the acidity is g one. So coffee grounds can indeed be used in moderation to fertilize both house and garden plants, as can the leftover brewed coffee remaining in your pot. Here’s how . Create Heat and Ambiance with Used Coffee Grounds Mixed with a binder like sawdust, newspaper, or other leftovers, coffee grounds can be used to make aromatic fire logs. Here’s how. Clean with Coffee The gritty texture of coffee grounds makes them an excellent cleaning agent for taking on grime in your kitchen or bathroom. Here’s how . Make Coffee Ground Skincare Coffee grounds are a natural exfoliant, so they make a great ingredient for skin scrubs. They can also be used to make a gardener’s soap. Here’s how . Here's a handmade coffee facial scrub made with Arabica ground coffee, coconut sugar, raw coconut oil, vitamin E, jojoba oil, apricot kernel oil, aloe vera oil, and lavender and tea tree essential oils. Deodorize with Spent Coffee Coffee grounds can absorb odors, making them a viable alternative to baking soda or foot powder. Put some used grounds in a bowl or other open container and place them in your fridge to counter those funky, spoiled-food smells. You can also fill socks or fine mesh bags and put leftover grounds in odor-prone places like shoes, gym bags, etc. Reuse Coffee in the Kitchen Coffee grounds can be used as a spice rub for meats or a flavor enhancer in baked goods. Here’s how . Do Some Dyeing with Coffee Coffee grounds can be used to dye fabric or paper. Here’s how . Here's an example of pretty coffee-dyed paper in a variety of lace patterns. You can also use up some leftover wood ash to prep the fabric before you dye it. Make Coffee Ground Candles Coffee grounds can be used to make candles with a unique scent. Here’s how  (video). Create Coffee Art Coffee grounds can even be part of creative works of art. I know, sounds strange, but here’s how . Repel Insects with Used Coffee Coffee grounds can repel ants, snails, and slugs. Here’s how . Reuse Coffee Grounds for Pet Care Apparently, finicky fleas hate coffee, so you can use spent grounds to repel those biting buggers and deodorize pet bedding, too. After bathing your pup, rub a cup or two of wet grounds into their fur, then rinse well. That said, only use coffee grounds externally; they can be very toxic to dogs if ingested.  Wait! Don't Toss That Leftover Grind With all these ways to reuse leftover coffee grounds, I think it’s pretty clear they’re a valuable resource that should never go to waste. Whether you’re composting and gardening like we are, cleaning, or creating art, there’s no limit to what you can do with a spent grind. So, the next time you brew a pot of java, don’t toss those grounds in the trash! Harness their potential and transform the leftovers into all things useful. Reusing Coffee Grounds FAQs Can used coffee grounds be added to compost? Yes, spent coffee grounds are rich in nitrogen and beneficial trace nutrients, making them an excellent addition to your compost pile. Do coffee grounds make soil acidic? No, once water has been run through the coffee grounds, most of the acidity is gone. Coffee grounds can be used in moderation to fertilize both house and garden plants. How can coffee grounds be used as a cleaning agent? The gritty texture of coffee grounds makes them an excellent cleaning agent for tackling grime in your kitchen or bathroom. Can coffee grounds help with odor control? Yes, coffee grounds can absorb odors. Place them in a bowl in your fridge or use them in socks or fine mesh bags in odor-prone areas like shoes and gym bags. Are coffee grounds safe to use on pets? Coffee grounds can be used externally on pets to repel fleas and deodorize pet bedding. However, they should never be ingested by pets, as they can be toxic if consumed.

Disclosure :  Some of the links on this page are affiliate links, and I may earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. Don't Trash That Wood Ash! It’s that time of year again here at 36-Acre Wood — and countless other homes where the mercury has dropped and winter coats have come out of storage: Time to clean the flue and put fireplaces, wood stoves, and other wood burners back to work. But after the flames have gone out, what is there to do with all that fine, cold wood ash you’ve collected?    Today, we’ll unlock the potential of those powdery fireplace remnants. Our list will transcend the traditional and tap into the versatile wonders of wood ash, some of which we’ve tried, others we will, and some… well, we’ll see. So join us as we discover a trove of practical and innovative applications for this wood-burning byproduct. From enriching garden soil to crafting homemade cleaning solutions, we're about to transform our perspective on post-fire cleanup — and maybe yours, too. Note: We strongly recommend using ash only from untreated, chemical-free wood for any of these applications. Ways to Use Wood Ash In and Around the House From de-icing to cleaning to repelling pests and more, wood ash has many properties that make it a useful and cost-effective alternative to commercial products. Here are some suggestions: 1. De-ice walkways, driveways, and sidewalks If you live in an area that gets cold and slippery, as we do, you can use some of that leftover ash to melt the ice. Simply sprinkle it on lightly, and you have a natural solution that can be swept off later. As with any type of ice melt, you’ll want to avoid tracking it into the house, but at least with wood ash, it’ll be a non-toxic mess. 2. Repel pests It’s said that wood ash draws the water out of the bodies of bugs, which can’t be a good thing (for them). For this reason, though, it can be used to keep pests like slugs and snails at bay. Sprinkle wood ash around the perimeter of your home as a natural pest repellent. 3. Clean stove glass If you have a wood-burning stove, you can — somewhat ironically — use wood ash to clean the glass. Just dip a damp cloth in the ash and use it to scrub the glass. Rinse with water and dry with a clean cloth (because a dirty one would defeat the purpose, right?). 4. Wash dishes and polish silverware  Wood ash can be used to polish silver and clean dishes. Mix it with a little water to make a paste, and scrub away. 5. Remove stains and odors Wood ash can be used to remove funky smells and stains from your home. Simply sprinkle it on the affected area and let it sit for a few hours. Then vacuum it up or wipe it away with a damp cloth. Like you’d use baking soda, you can put some wood ash in an open jar and place it in the fridge to absorb odor. Even better if there are still some little pieces of charcoal mixed in with it. 6. Clean the toilet You can also use wood ash to clean the toilet bowl, other bathroom fixtures, and tile too. And if you’re on septic, as we are, wood ash won’t kill the natural flora like bleach-based antibacterial cleaning products can. In fact, wood ash actually promotes the breakdown of waste, which is why it reduces odor and is also useful for adding to camp toilets.   7. Get rid of fleas If your kids — of the furry kind, that is — have fleas, you can use wood ash to get rid of them, just like you would use diatomaceous earth. Rub the ash into your pet’s fur and let it sit for a few minutes. Then, brush it out with a flea comb.  Speaking of pets and wood ash, we’re also told (though haven’t tested the claim) that ash can help remove skunk odor, too.  Ways to Use Wood Ashes in the Garden and Yard Wood ash is a natural and cost-effective way to improve the health of your garden and soil. It contains significant amounts of potassium, calcium, and magnesium, which are essential nutrients for plant growth. In this section, we’ll look at how wood ash can be used to fertilize plants, amend soil, and add to compost, which is where most of our own leftover ash goes. 8. Correct acidic soil Wood ash can be used to amend acidic soil. If the pH of your soil is too low, it can be difficult for plants to grow. Simply sprinkle some of that alkaline wood ash on the soil and mix it in. Here ’s some good information from the University of Vermont on using wood ash in the garden . They recommend no more than 20 pounds, or about a 5-gallon bucket’s worth, of ash per 1,000 square feet of garden.  9. Boost your lawn Wood ash contains potassium, which is an important nutrient for grass, so it can be used to give your lawn (if you have one) a good pick-me-up. Just sprinkle wood ash on the grass and water it in. 10. Add it to your compost Wood ash can be added to your compost pile to help it break down faster. It also helps to neutralize odors. That said, don’t overdo it. Adding too much ash to your compost pile or bin can raise the pH level and make the compost too alkaline, which can harm the beneficial microbes that break down organic matter.  The rule of thumb we follow is to add a thin layer of wood ash for every six inches of other compost material. 11. Control garden pests In addition to companion planting ( Carrots Love Tomatoes  is a great guide on the subject), wood ash can be used to help control garden pests. Sprinkle it around the perimeter of your garden and in a ring around the base of plants to keep pests like slugs and snails away. 12. Fertilize plants Wood ash can be used as a fertilizer. It contains potassium, calcium, and magnesium, which are all important nutrients. As when using it for pest control, simply sprinkle wood ash around the base of your plants and water it in. We’d avoid using it around plants that prefer acidic soil, though, like potatoes and blueberries. Here are some examples of plants that would be okay to use wood ash around but still use it sparingly: Tomatoes Peppers Eggplants Broccoli Cauliflower Cabbage Brussels sprouts Kale Lettuce Spinach 13. Prevent calcium deficiency in tomatoes Like eggshells and bone meal add calcium, so too can wood ash. Put about ¼ cup of ash in each planting hole and mix it into the soil when setting out your tomato seedlings. 14. Help chickens and other poultry rid themselves of parasites If you’ve got some egg-layers around the homestead, add some wood ash to their dust bath to help them keep unwanted fleas, avian lice, and other insects at bay. And since wood ash contains calcium and potassium, it’s fine if chickens and other poultry eat some of it, too. Primitive and Traditional Ways To Use Wood Ash Wood ash has been used for centuries in traditional, primitive, and survival situations for a variety of purposes. Its high alkalinity and ability to draw out moisture make it a versatile and valuable resource. These are just a handful of ways wood ash has been used in the past and still by some in the present: 15. Make soap Wood ash contains lye, which is an important ingredient in soap making. Note that soap made from wood ash tends to be more like a thick liquid soap than bar soap. Here’s a good video on making basic wood ash lye soap. Note that the type of wood ash you use can affect the quality of the lye and, therefore, the soap you make. Hardwood ash contains a higher concentration of potassium carbonate, which is the main component of lye-making, than ash from softwoods.   16. Tan hides Wood ash can be used to tan animal hides. The lye is an important ingredient in the tanning process. 17. Make lye Wood ash can be used to make lye, which is what you’ll do if using it to make soap or tan hides, among other uses. Mix the ash with water and strain out the liquid. As noted above, hardwoods contain more potassium than softwoods, so they’re better for making lye. 18. Make toothpaste Haven’t tried this one ourselves, but “they say” wood ash can be used as a toothpaste. Strain it through a sieve, like a tea strainer. Mix it with a little bit of water to make a paste, and use it to brush your teeth. Here’s a guy who’s done it.   19. Use as an antacid This is another one we haven’t tried (and would want to learn more about before we did), but since wood ash is alkaline, like baking soda, it can be mixed with water and ingested to help relieve heartburn. 20. Make a traditional cement A wood ash cement can be made by mixing it with terra cotta. Here’s how: Ways To Use Wood Ash for Cooking Wood ash is a versatile and ancient ingredient that has been used in cooking for centuries. It’s often used in traditional corn-based dishes and a variety of other recipes, including these: 21. Make hominy Wood ash can be used to make hominy , which is a traditional Native American dish made from dried corn kernels that have been soaked in lye made from wood ash. This helps to render the corn, making certain B vitamins bio-available, which can prevent nutritional deficiencies. 22. Use for cornbread and other recipes Wood ash can be used in making cornbread, tortillas, and more. The ash is used for nixtamalization, which is the process of cooking corn in an alkaline substance, usually hardwood ash or lime, to remove the seed husk of the unpalatable kernel. Here’s a great article with corn nixtamalization recipes . Ways To Use Wood Ash Topically 23. Clean Wounds With its antiseptic properties, wood ash has a history of application in wound care, and research   in dicates that it accelerates the healing process. 24. Treat insect stings and bug bites In some countries, wood ash is often made into a paste and applied to insect stings, bites, and other skin irritations to alleviate the itch and draw out toxins.  Ways To Use Wood Ash for Arts & Craft 25. Make pottery glazes Ash from wood and other organic vegetation has been used to create pottery glazes for over two millennia. The incorporation of wood ash in glazes is deeply entrenched in the ceramic traditions of Asia and has been extensively documented in various publications focused on glaze techniques. Here’s a great article with more information, instructions, and examples of using wood ash in glazes . 26. Prepare fabric for dyeing Wood ash can be used instead of sodium carbonate or washing soda as a pre-treatment to scour fabric, making it more receptive to the dye. Scouring is basically boiling the fabric in (in this case) wood ash water before dyeing it, which makes the color brighter and cleaner looking. Don’t Let That Wood Ash Go To Waste The versatile applications of wood ash extend well beyond the garden and compost pile. From home and garden to culinary delights, skincare, art, and many primitive uses, the potential of this byproduct is quite extensive. As we've explored its myriad uses, it's evident that "Don't Trash That Ash" isn't just a slogan but a call to unlock the full potential of this resource. For any surplus ash that doesn't have a current practical application around your own home, you can store it in a designated metal container, like an old 55-gallon drum, for future use or let it integrate naturally into compost. Embrace the wisdom of repurposing, and let your wood ash continue to enrich your surroundings in sustainable ways. Have you tried any of the above ways of using and repurposing wood ash? Or what about others that aren’t on our list? Please share your experience and suggestions in the comments below.  Using Wood Ash FAQs Can wood ash be used to de-ice walkways and driveways? Yes, wood ash can be sprinkled on walkways, driveways, and sidewalks to melt ice. It is a natural, non-toxic solution that can be swept off later, similar to other ice-melting products. Is wood ash effective for pest control in the garden? Yes, wood ash can be used to repel pests such as slugs and snails. Sprinkling it around the perimeter of your garden and at the base of plants can help keep these pests away. How can wood ash be used to fertilize plants? Wood ash is rich in potassium, calcium, and magnesium, which are essential nutrients for plant growth. It can be sprinkled around the base of plants and watered in to act as a fertilizer. However, it should be used sparingly and avoided around plants that prefer acidic soil. What are some traditional uses of wood ash in cooking? Wood ash can be used to make hominy, a traditional Native American dish, and in the nixtamalization process for making cornbread and tortillas. This process involves cooking corn in an alkaline substance, like hardwood ash, to remove the seed husk. Can wood ash be used for cleaning purposes? Yes, wood ash can be used for various cleaning purposes. It can clean stove glass, polish silverware, and even clean dishes. Mixed with water to form a paste, wood ash can scrub away grime and stains. How does wood ash affect soil pH levels? Wood ash is alkaline and can be used to raise the pH of acidic soil. This helps to balance the soil pH, making it more suitable for a variety of plants. However, it should be applied in moderation to avoid making the soil too alkaline. Does wood ash have any antiseptic properties? Yes, wood ash has antiseptic properties. It has been used traditionally to clean wounds and treat insect stings and bug bites. When made into a paste and applied to the skin, wood ash can help alleviate itching and draw out toxins.